The need for a fundamental sense of people in architectural practice and pedagogy is expressed by three architecture professors from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The word "client," a historically and socially specific concept with which to discuss the issues of people-oriented architecture, is defined. (MLW)

The form and structure of cultural space--the landscape--is in a constant process of change. The designer must understand the symbolic content and the cultural forces that compose the process of structural evolution. (Author/LBH)

In architectural education the critical educational issue is how to overcome the student's internal struggle between the divergent pulls of "pure" design and applied technology. Examples of two successful approaches--including design in lecture courses and installing computer terminals in studio--are provided. (MLW)

The course developed and offered at Clark University over the past five years is a first exposure to architecture for the general liberal arts student. It uses historical examples wherever appropriate but emphasis is on the direct involvement of the students in the experience and design of architecture. (LBH)

A joint project between the separate divisions of planning and architecture at the UVA School of Architecture was conducted to allow graduate students to study the environmental needs of the elderly. The case-study approach was undertaken in Lynchburg, Virginia, and the year-long project was seen as a "real World" problem. (LBH)

Major findings are summarized of an investigation of energy design teaching in schools of architecture, which led to recommendations described in this article addressed to theoretical and inspirational models of design teaching, rather than to technical courses. Available from: ACSA, 1735 New York Ave., Washington, D.C. 20006. (Author/LBH)

An approach to optimum building shape design is summarized that is based on local climate and is especially important for heat control in lower cost construction with temperature-responsive thermal characteristics. The study was supported by Istanbul Technical University. For journal availability see HE 508 931. (Author/LBH)

Current activity intended to lead to energy conservation measures in building codes and standards is reviewed by members of the Office of Building Standards and Codes Services of the National Bureau of Standards. For journal availability see HE 508 931. (LBH)

At UC Berkeley, 106 undergraduates in an architectural design studio were given an 11-week task of working in teams to design an environment for a population that included elderly and physically disabled individuals. The effect of student attitudes and assumptions, and changes in them, are discussed. (LBH)

Energy conservation measures in building design and use are advocated as the most cost-effective and available option to reduce national energy supply requirements. For journal availability see HE 508 931. (LBH)

A course on design for aging populations, developed at Ohio State University, is described. Student-team projects included designs for an upgraded signage system for apartment dwellers, outdoor furniture, and recreational area in a nursing home. (LBH)

Students at Qinghua University in China participate in real project design tasks. Thesis design in conjunction with real projects helps students to understand step-by-step the whole process of design work and the role of a qualified architect. A housing design course is included in the curriculum. (MLW)

The approach described is used at the University of Michigan at both the undergraduate and graduate levels in architecture to implement teaching materials regarding designing for the elderly. It uses lecture series, experiential field exercises, direct input to designer studios, and elective courses on the elderly. (LBH)

MIT research work has expanded into the design studio setting as a result of the Curriculum Project of the Gerontological Society. A classification method for screening the literature on design needs for the elderly and a set of daily-life scenarios help in current design education. (LBH)

Working on an eight-week design problem for a Senior Center in Phoenix, 52 environmental planning students participated in a Gerontological Society-sponsored project to introduce aging content and assess the usefulness to designers of various sources of information. (LBH)