This essay discusses the shift during the 1930s of black voters form the party of Lincoln to that of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. A select list of books and articles on blacks is also provided for secondary and college teachers who wish to treat this theme in the classroom. (Author/RM)

Considers who was intended to have civil rights under the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Suggests that broad and inclusive historical analysis reveals individual citizens as the intended beneficiaries. Argues that the founders established a constitutional framework flexible enough to function in the transition from patriarchy and…