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Applied Linguistics2
Second Language Learning2
Spanish2
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Language Proficiency1
Study Abroad1
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Hispania2
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Guntermann, Gail1
Lafford, Barbara A.1
Ryan, John M.1
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Acquisition of Lexical Meaning in a Natural Environment: "Ser" and "Estar" and the Granada Experience.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Ryan, John M.; Lafford, Barbara A. – Hispania, 1992
Second-language acquisition data are provided from a study abroad environment to support or reject prior assertions about natural states in the acquisition of the Spanish copulas "ser" and "estar." It is suggested that students tend to acquire the different copulas in given ordered stages. (20 references) (LB)
Descriptors: Applied Linguistics, Grammar, Second Language Learning, Spanish
An Analysis of Interlanguage Development over Time: Part II, "ser" and "estar."
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Guntermann, Gail – Hispania, 1992
Follow up to a previous study of the use of "por" and "para," this study analyzes "ser,""estar," and "haber" for lexical selection in relation to their functions and also for errors in tense, mode, aspect, agreement, and invented forms and uses of copula in simplified or reduced utterances. Data were from 20 oral examinations of Peace Corps…
Descriptors: Applied Linguistics, Communicative Competence (Languages), Contrastive Linguistics, Language Proficiency