Students often have limited opportunities in school to grapple with the ramifications of the increasing influence technology companies exert over their lives. Digital citizenship curricula could be the exception, but they typically emphasize personal safety and respectful behavior online, ignoring more participatory or justice-oriented notions of…

Critical consciousness represents the analysis and critique of structural inequalities, the motivation and perceived capacity to effect change, and social action to redress inequity. A wave of recent instruments measuring critical consciousness have been rigorously validated. Yet, whether these measures efficiently assess different levels of…