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Direct linkSanei, Hamid; Lee, Hollylynne – Grantee Submission, 2021
This paper investigates two specific probabilistic biases which middle graders usually exhibit when reasoning about probability and randomness on assessment items. We discuss how students' reasoning about key probability concepts undergirds statistics literacy related to randomness, independence, and the likelihood of future events based on past…
Descriptors: Mathematical Concepts, Probability, Middle School Mathematics, Middle School Students
Lee, Hollylynne; Bradshaw, Laine; Famularo, Lisa; Masters, Jessica; Azevedo, Roger; Johnson, Sheri; Schellman, Madeline; Elrod, Emily; Sanei, Hamid – Grantee Submission, 2019
The research shared in this conference paper report illustrates how an iterative process to item development that involves expert review and cognitive lab interviews with students can be used to collect evidence of validity for assessment items. Analysis of students' reasoning was also used to expand a model for identifying conceptions and…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Interviews, Misconceptions, Test Items
Ansari, Arya – Grantee Submission, 2018
Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort of 1998 (n = 15,070), this study used propensity scores to examine the short- and long-term academic and psychosocial benefits of preschool education for a diverse sample of middle-class children. Compared with children who attended informal care at age 4, preschool…
Descriptors: Preschool Education, Educational Benefits, Middle Class, Preschool Children
