A study was designed to test ordinal and interval properties of rating scales, similar to those commonly employed in evaluation research. The analysis was based on data generated by the use of paired comparisons and direct scales. The conclusion was reached that such rating scales appear to possess metric properties. (Author/LMO)

A procedure for the analysis of judgmental estimates is derived. It uses a t-distribution concept to derive the relative experience of an expert and uses the derived experience as weight to obtain a weighted mean. Using this method, error in estimation was reduced by an average of one-half. (Author/BW)

A trial program to improve the quality of liberal arts education gave freshmen students at Pennsylvania State University an introduction to a particular discipline, improved advising, and a college orientation. Results suggest that the program led to more favorable attitudes but no perceptible differences in performance or retention. (Author/CM)

Theory behind modern evaluative bibliometric techniques is reviewed at three levels: (1) policy application; (2) strategic analysis; and (3) tactical analysis. New techniques developed at each level and limitations of each approach are discussed. At all levels, the process begins with assembling data and then moves to a data-based evaluation. (SLD)