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Direct linkWilliamson, Gary L.; Fitzgerald, Jill; Stenner, Jackson A. – Elementary School Journal, 2014
The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) establish a challenging text-complexity standard for all high school graduates to read at college and workplace text-complexity levels. We argue that implementation of the CCSS standard requires concurrent examination of historical student reading-growth trends. An example of a historical student average…
Descriptors: State Standards, Reading Improvement, Reading Ability, Difficulty Level
Peer reviewedPink, William T.; Leibert, Robert E. – Elementary School Journal, 1986
Examines five factors common to elementary schools that serve as major barriers to improved reading achievement: (1) grouping practices and the inappropriate use of instructional time, (2) low teacher expectation for student learning, (3) inappropriate instructional strategies for teaching reading, (4) differential curricula, and (5) inadequate…
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Curriculum Development, Educational Change, Educational Policy
