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Peer reviewedKiker, B. F.; Santos, Maria C. – Economics of Education Review, 1991
Using 1985 personnel record data from the Portuguese Ministry of Labor, a recent regression analysis found that the average rates of return for schooling in Portugal are in the 9.4 to 10.4 percent range. Large gender and regional earnings differentials exist. Study implications and limitations are discussed. (21 references) (MLH)
Descriptors: Education Work Relationship, Elementary Secondary Education, Foreign Countries, Human Capital
Peer reviewedHartog, Joop – Economics of Education Review, 2000
Drawing on empirical studies from five countries (Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, United Kingdom, and United States), over 2 decades, outlines irregularities in the incidence of over- and under-education and consequences for individual earnings. The overall incidence of overeducation in the labor market is about 26 percent. (Contains 33 references.)…
Descriptors: Comparative Education, Education Work Relationship, Educational Attainment, Elementary Secondary Education
