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Powell, Lindsey J.; Deen, Ben; Saxe, Rebecca – Developmental Science, 2018
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a noninvasive neuroimaging technique that could be uniquely effective for investigating cortical function in human infants. However, prior efforts have been hampered by the difficulty of aligning arrays of fNIRS optodes placed on the scalp to anatomical or functional regions of underlying cortex.…
Descriptors: Spectroscopy, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Infants, Reliability
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Markant, Julie; Cicchetti, Dante; Hetzel, Susan; Thomas, Kathleen M. – Developmental Science, 2014
Adaptive behavior requires focusing on relevant tasks while remaining sensitive to novel information. In adult studies of cognitive control, cognitive stability involves maintaining robust cognitive representations while cognitive flexibility involves updating of representations in response to novel information. Previous adult research has shown…
Descriptors: Infants, Genetics, Cognitive Ability, Infant Behavior
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Erlich, Nicole; Lipp, Ottmar V.; Slaughter, Virginia – Developmental Science, 2013
Adult humans demonstrate differential processing of stimuli that were recurrent threats to safety and survival throughout evolutionary history. Recent studies suggest that differential processing of evolutionarily ancient threats occurs in human infants, leading to the proposal of an inborn mechanism for rapid identification of, and response to,…
Descriptors: Infants, Fear, Infant Behavior, Responses