Modeling techniques and reinforcements for imitation of 35 mothers were recorded as the mothers interacted with their 19-month-old infants in a seminaturalistic setting. Children's imitations and mothers' reinforcements for imitation were found to be complexly related. (GO)

The effects of extent and kind of external control during training on later resistance to temptation were examined in preschool children. Boys transgressed significantly more quickly than girls. (ST)

Constant instrusians upon the play activities of young children may set up emotional tensions and/or scrambled expectancies that interfere significantly with subsequent play persistence. (Author)

A study of children's incentive preferences revealed reliable age and sex differences, and significant discrepancies with adults' estimates of what children like. Implications for research with children are discussed. (DP)

A study of probability learning using a noncontingent binary prediction situation to evaluate the effect of pretraining reinforcement schedule. (author/MB)

A child's history of reinforcement is regarded as setting a standard that determines what current rates of reinforcement will be deprivational or satiational for him. (Author)

Investigated the separate and interactive effects of a model's affective response and anticipated consequences of third and fourth grade children's imitative and nonimitative play behaviors. (ED)

Preschoolers and second graders observed a model choose his "favorites" in a series of common object trios and were then asked to recall the model's choices. Results indicated that children's level of attention influences their level of learning in an observational setting. (ST)

Effects of instruction and reward contingency on conformity to a prohibition were studied in preschoolers. Instructions were varied in terms of explicitness and reward was either contingent or not contingent upon following the instructions. (Author/SS)

Three experiments measured 2.5- and 3.5-year-olds' long-term retention of object-location pairings. The subjects were provided with reinforcing information three weeks after the initial exposure and tested four weeks after initial exposure. It was found that this reinstatement (1) improved children's long-term retention; (2) affected both…

Results of the present study show that children by the age of 7 have internalized systematic if not complex rules concerning the conditions under which they may engage in self-gratification. (Author)

The social deprivation-satiation effect" is characterized by an inverse relation between the frequency of social reinforcement received in a standard treatment period and the effectiveness of that reinforcer in a subsequent test. (Author)