Examined development of self-body-esteem and relation between self-esteem and body-esteem in overweight and normal weight boys and girls in three age groups. Results were interpreted in terms of age differences in subjects and possible social influences in development of self-esteem in overweight youngsters. (Author/DST)

Naturalistic observations were made of "remedial interchanges" that occurred among kindergarten through fourth-grade children in open classrooms. Three approaches to development of moral judgments were considered: attributional, cognitive developmental, and symbolic interactionist. Data showed limited to no support for these theories and…

Analyzes the exploratory patterns of 112 children ages 4 to 12, using visual and auditory stimuli and toy preference and toy exploration tasks. Finds that a preference for complexity and for unknown toys increases with age and notes age differences in exploratory patterns and question-asking behavior. (Author/CB)

A cross-sectional study of 300 children, ages 4-18 demonstrated that three evaluative dimensions (intent, ability and outcome) are used in forming moral judgments and achievement evaluations. Significant age trends were identified, lending support to a cognitive-developmental view of achievement motivation. (DP)

The relative weakness of sex-role labels as reinforcers, and the disappearance of differential effectiveness of male and female labels at the fourth-grade level would appear to be congruent with Kohlberg's (1966) cognitively based theory of sex-role acquisition. (Authors)

Factor analyses of males' and females' reports of maternal and paternal behaviors yielded the same three factors as earlier studies--Acceptance versus Rejection, Psychological Autonomy versus Psychological Control, and Firm Control versus Lax Control. (Authors)

Authors suggest that separating the effects of age changes and cohort differences in personality can add new dimensions to the existing body of developmental literature on personality. (Authors/MB)

Children 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 years of age were tested on their ability to identify simultaneous and time-staggered dichotic consonant-vowel stimuli. (JBM)

Twenty-four elementary school children ranging in age from 7 to 10 years identified tachistoscopically presented arrays varying in length and degree of orthographic constraint. (Author/MP)

The present experiment was designed to assess possible age-related differences in metamemory accuracy and efficiency by using a feeling-of-knowing judgment in conjunction with a timed question-answering task. Subjects were 12 college students (19-22 years of age), 12 middle-aged (44-53 years) and 12 elderly (65-74 years) persons. (Author/MP)

Investigates two major aspects of the self-concepts of preschoolers: diversions used by three- to five-year-old children to describe themselves and the saliency of activity as opposed to body image in the children's self-concepts. (CM)

Studies the effects of distinctive features on incomplete picture recognition for three to four year olds, five to six year olds, and adults. (Author/SS)

Preadolescents, college students, middle-aged adults, and older adults described a problem and a goal for solving that problem. Interpersonal elements of problem descriptions and goals were coded. Interpersonal elements of problems were most salient for females and middle-aged adults. Subjects reported interpersonal goals when other people were…

Forty 3.5- to 4.5-year-olds discussed past events with their mothers and completed tasks indexing their ability to reason about conflicting mental representations and understanding of knowledge. Found that theory-of-mind scores were related to memory conversation participation, independent of age and linguistic skill, and to the frequency of…