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Parent Praise to Toddlers Predicts Fourth Grade Academic Achievement via Children's Incremental Mindsets
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Gunderson, Elizabeth A.; Sorhagen, Nicole S.; Gripshover, Sarah J.; Dweck, Carol S.; Goldin-Meadow, Susan; Levine, Susan C. – Developmental Psychology, 2018
In a previous study, parent-child praise was observed in natural interactions at home when children were 1, 2, and 3 years of age. Children who received a relatively high proportion of process praise (e.g., praise for effort and strategies) showed stronger incremental motivational frameworks, including a belief that intelligence can be developed…
Descriptors: Positive Reinforcement, Parents, Toddlers, Parent Child Relationship
Mothers' Daily Person and Process Praise: Implications for Children's Theory of Intelligence and Motivation: Brief Report
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Pomerantz, Eva M.; Kempner, Sara G. – Developmental Psychology, 2013
This research examined if mothers' day-to-day praise of children's success in school plays a role in children's theory of intelligence and motivation. Participants were 120 children (mean age = 10.23 years) and their mothers who took part in a 2-wave study spanning 6 months. During the first wave, mothers completed a 10-day daily interview in…
Descriptors: Mothers, Parent Child Relationship, Parent Influence, Intelligence
Young Children's Performance on a Two-Choice Task as a Function of Social Reinforcement, Base-Line Preference, and Response Strategy
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Hill, Kennedy T.; Watts, Graeme H. – Developmental Psychology, 1971
Descriptors: Learning, Motivation, Preschool Children, Responses
A Test of the Validity of Two Methods of Selecting Incentives for Research with Children
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Dmitruk, Victor M. – Developmental Psychology, 1973
A study of children's incentive preferences revealed reliable age and sex differences, and significant discrepancies with adults' estimates of what children like. Implications for research with children are discussed. (DP)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Elementary School Students, Motivation, Reinforcement
Effects of Rewards on Children's Prosocial Motivation: A Socialization Study.
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Fabes, Richard A.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1989
Examined the relation between 72 mothers' attitudes and practices regarding the use of rewards and their second- through fifth-grade children's susceptibility to the undermining effects of rewards. It was suggested that children's responses to rewards depend in part on their experiences with rewards. (RJC)
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Motivation, Parent Child Relationship
Effects of Social Reinforcement on Learning and Retention in Children
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Allen, Sara A.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1971
Reinforcement conditions of approval, disapproval, or silence were used during a discrimination task assigned to 96 boys and 96 girls. Children receiving criticism responded at slower rates and made more errors than children receiving praise or silence. Retention was measured after 8 days. Results suggest that disapproval negatively affects both…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Elementary School Students, Learning, Motivation
Developmental Course of Responsiveness to Social Reinforcement in Normal Children and Institutionalized Retarded Children
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Zigler, Edward; Balla, David – Developmental Psychology, 1972
Implications of the findings for the programming of institutions for the retarded are discussed. (Authors)
Descriptors: Child Development, Data Analysis, Developmental Psychology, Handicapped Children