Compares older adults' text recall and study strategies with those of two groups of young adults. One of the latter groups was enrolled in classes; the other was not. Findings suggest that memory differences between old and young may result as much from cultural factors as from biological deterioration. (Author/RWB)

Nisan responds to Turiel, Nucci, and Smetana's (1988) critique by stating that it merely serves to emphasize the difficulty involved in distinguishing between the moral and the conventional without reference to the cultural meaning of the act. (PCB)

This critique of Nisan's (1987) study of morality and convention addresses methodological considerations for cross-cultural research on children's moral and conventional concepts. (PCB)

A scale of gender understanding and a measure of sex-role preference were administered to three- to nine-year-old children from four traditional communities in Belize, Kenya, Nepal, and American Samoa. Overall, findings reflected the strong contribution of cognitive development to the growth of gender understanding. (Author/AS)

Examines the relation between dyadic synchrony and child compliance during the toddler period. Demonstrates that children are more likely to comply with synchronous caregiver instructions than with asynchronous instructions. Discusses results in light of both cognitive and emotional factors of toddlers. (Author/RWB)

A longitudinal, cross-cultural field study was made to determine boundary conditions under which the television violence/aggression relation obtains, to determine intervening variables, and to illuminate the process through which television violence relates to aggression. Children from first through fifth grades in the United States, Australia,…

Examines cognitive processing and semantic influences on the developmental patterning of everyday social explanation in a cross-cultural investigation undertaken among American and Hindu adults and children (ages 8, 11, and 15). (HOD)

Study examined whether 50 Korean children made conceptual distinctions between morality and social convention. Findings indicated that, at all ages, children treated moral transgressions as more generally wrong and independent of rules than conventional transgressions. (Author/RWB)

Examines the distinction between moral and conventional norms between 60 boys and girls in the first and fourth grades in Israel. Results are interpreted in terms of two distinct orientations to social norms: one where the criteria for social judgment of behaviors are consequences to others and law; the other where norms have absolute validity.…