Each correction academy should analyze its policies in terms of policy role, training bailiwick, academic ties, and type of staff. Two models are suggested, characterized by contrasting perspectives on the proper function of the academy within the correction department and on the breadth and purposes of training. (Author)

Minnesota's Community Corrections Act, which became law in 1973, is examined in detail. Its development, fundamental precepts, and initial results are included. (Author)

At a time when Congress is facing critical decisions with respect to criminal justice policy, the participation of criminologists in the formation of policies remains negligible. A commitment by criminologists to policy research that examines the links between economic conditions and crime would constitute an enlightened approach to crime control.…

An examination of government reports on penal facilities in the United States, published since 1880, reveals that the rate of incarceration in federal, state, local, and juvenile correctional institutions has increased. Changes in offense distribution are increases in the proportion of persons reported to be incarcerated for robbery and drug…

What is the legal liability of parole board members and staff for acts committed by persons on community supervision? The answer is affected largely by whether the particular official involved enjoys absolute, rather than qualified, immunity, but again, the matter remains unsettled. These issues and others should be resolved promptly. (Author)

Preoccupation with due process has tended to obscure the substantive issues of probation administration. Restraint is an important goal of probation; it can be realized by setting specific, enforceable probation conditions to limit the probationer's opportunity for further crime and revoking probation if the probationer cannot abide by reasonable…

Following an analysis of the major forces for institutional change confronting the juvenile courts, and a review of recent federal and state responses likely to promote further modifications in the present system, the author discusses a modified system capable of accommodating demands for basic alterations of juvenile justice. (Author)

Sexual sterotyping affects the incarceration of women, their treatment in prisons and jails, and their reception in the community following release. While women's organizations play a major role in improving conditions facing incarcerated women, they have perpetuated the sterotypes. Because of sex role sterotyping, we have denied justice to women.…

In examining the nature of the determinate sentencing schemes in four pioneer states, the authors compare and contrast the provisions for determinacy in each of the revised criminal codes, with the objective of informing legislators, planners, and practitioners about the variation possible within the apparently straightforward guidelines…

Recently, the Indiana legislature passed a new penal code, which among other changes, established a determinate sentencing structure. This article provides an analysis of this code and suggests that the intent of most sentencing reformers may not have been met by this new law. (Author)

In the first part of the article, the author explains why he feels the responsibility for setting sentence guidelines should be confined to a separate body (a sentencing commission). The second part of the article rehearses the arguments for sentencing reform and, in particular, for presumptive sentences. (Author)

Suggests that the Golden Age of criminal justice research has ended with an impending era of austerity. Reviews the work done in the past forty years and recommends a return to the people-oriented research that characterized the Chicago School of the early '20s rather than systems research. (Author/JAC)

The legal concept of juvenile delinquency as administered for the last 150 years began to die with the Gault decision. Delinquency jurisdiction should be removed from juvenile courts and be allowed to revert to criminal courts, where interests which are highly valued in our society can be protected more fully. (Author)

Evidence is presented to show that, at every level in the system, girls charged with status offenses are treated more harshly than girls charged with crimes. Further, the noncriminal activity of girls is frequently seen as requiring more drastic intervention than the criminal behavior of boys. (Author)

Discusses efforts to criminalize fetal abuse, harm caused from a pregnant woman's use of illegal drugs. Such efforts have typically failed to withstand judicial scrutiny. Suggests that criminal prosecution for fetal abuse relies on questionable procedures, is unevenly applied, and may keep women from seeking drug treatment or prenatal care. (LKS)