We conducted a qualitative content analysis on counseling dissertations (N = 250) completed between 2017 and 2018. Identified categories included: (1) paradigms, philosophies of science, and theories; (2) research methodologies; and (3) trustworthiness. The results indicated an infrequent use of paradigmatic frameworks and a distinct pattern of…

The proposed freedom paradigm is briefly reviewed as an overarching framework that may provide a structure for integrating the counseling profession and counseling theories. Freedom is defined and discussed in terms of four modalities: "freedom from," "freedom to," "freedom with," and "freedom for." This is followed by a response to comments on…

Freedom is presented as an overarching paradigm that may align and bring together the counseling profession's diverse counseling theories and open a doorway to a new generation of counseling techniques. Freedom is defined and discussed in terms of its 4 modalities: freedom from, freedom to, freedom with, and freedom for. The long-standing problem…

Freedom, conceived as self-determination, control, and agency, has been put forth as the central purpose of a paradigm to bring together the specialties of the counseling profession, integrate the many theories, and usher in a wave of potentially powerful techniques from Asian psychologies. It remains to be seen how the foci of the specialties…

Although there is a growing interest in spirituality and religious issues in counseling, little has been written for the supervisor. This article addresses this need by demonstrating how J. Fowler's (1981) model of faith development stages can inform supervisory work with spiritual and religious issues. Faith Development Theory is a…

In this commentary the author identifies her estimation of the most salient points of Hanna's (2011) seminal article. While in agreement that movement toward a unified model is timely, the author suggests alternative conceptualizations to the freedom paradigm, such as Wilber's (1995, 1996) Integral Model, for disciplinary unification. (Contains 2…

Social justice in the education of all K-12 students begins with school counselors; preparing school counselors as advocates and leaders who can implement these principles in U.S. schools begins with counselor educators. Suggestions for intentional preparation of school counselors to be social justice advocates in schools by integrating the…

As they explore counseling theories, students are encouraged to examine their own values, attitudes, and beliefs to find congruence with these theories. This traditional approach inadequately addresses the social injustices that may be perpetuated by selecting theories that further oppress clients and other marginalized communities. Prilleltensky…

The counseling profession prides itself on its developmental focus. However, counselors, counselor educators, and supervisors have generally applied only "phasic," and not "stage," theories to counseling and supervision practice and have not incorporated developmental concepts into their teaching. This article continues the effort of rectifying…

The authors describe an innovative practice in classroom pedagogy for teaching counseling theories. In an attempt to make the counseling process "transparent" for students, instructors demonstrated clinical thinking using monologue and dialogue during role plays conducted in class. Support for this approach is offered, and feedback from students…

Selecting a single psychotherapeutic orientation can be a challenge for counselor education students. The authors examined the relationship between counseling theory selection and personality variables of students enrolled in a counseling theories course. A discriminant function analysis was used to identify the personality traits that would…

As technology advances and the use of online counseling becomes more routine, attention must be paid to instruction regarding online counseling skills. The authors present considerations for teaching basic online counseling skills to master's-level counseling students. Recommendations are made for helping students to establish and maintain…

Presents a model of case conceptualization that can be used with any theoretical approach to counseling. Discusses issues surrounding the use of this model. Describes use of the model in doctoral theories of counseling courses and contends that the case conceptualization model guides counseling students in all steps of the application process.…

Provides a professional model for practicum supervision using supervisors with equal responsibility and status. The model stresses the use of professional knowledge in both the content and process of practicum supervision. Dual-focus supervision is seen as the integration and application of theory congruency and interpersonal dynamics. (Author/BL)

Reviews the counseling literature and describes the historical evolution of the practice of supervision. Analyzes several therapy models, and describes direct and indirect supervision activities. Concludes by calling attention to assumptions in the counseling and supervision literature that have yet to receive the benefit of evaluation and…