Ghanian women have a long history as traders. In early 1978, 42 Central Accra schoolgirls and 42 girls engaged in selling were surveyed to determine the relationship of formal education to marketing skills. Formal education was not significantly helpful in promoting schoolgirls' trading knowledge nor in providing skills likely to land them jobs.…

In Upper Volta, a major nonformal educational program attempted to overcome environment and time obstacles to educational participation by rural girls and women. This article discusses project findings on women's time use, the impact of various labor-saving technologies introduced, and women's participation in and attitudes toward project…

Concentrates on the fit between an educational strategy like nonformal education and a development problem. Explores the thesis that it is important to delineate the character and function of educational strategies both formal and nonformal, in terms of their potential for addressing varying human contexts. (Editor/RK)

Lists articles published during the first half of 1983 on adult/nonformal education (18); comparative education--general (11); educational planning/reform (16); general studies--comparative topics (35); higher education (24); Africa (11); Asia (22); Australasia (1); Europe (63); Soviet Union (13); Latin America/Caribbean (19); Middle East/North…

Reports results of a study of the Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement in Sri Lanka. Sarvodaya is a nonprofit, nongovernment community education-cum-development movement working in nearly 3,000 villages in Sri Lanka. "Sarvodaya" means universal awakening and "Shramadana" means sharing of one's time, energy, and thought for the good of…

The first part of this paper challenges the traditional dichotomy between formal and informal education. Part two discusses a variety of nonformal education programs in the United States. The concluding section highlights the biases in favor of more affluent youngsters and the national character of much nonformal education. (Author/SJL)

This bibliography cites books, articles, and unpublished materials relevant to the history and current status of women's education in Third World nations and the impact of schooling on women's family, social, and work roles. It has a topical organization and cites materials in English, French, and Spanish. (SJL)

Focuses on the relationship between communications technology and the human organizational setting within which it is used. Suggests that program effectiveness is determined more on the basis of how much learner involvement and control exists than on the delivery of a predetermined set of centrally prepared messages to learners. (Editor/RK)

Traces the parallel histories of cultural and language preservation in the minority regions of Catalonia (Spain) and Ukraine (former Soviet Union) during the twentieth century. Discusses large societal changes, national government policies about language of instruction, bilingual education, the comparative status of Catalan and Ukrainian, and…

Many Latin American states, characterized by "colonization" of the state by dominant families or individuals, are unable to carry out proper state functions. In attempting to address such states' shortcomings, nonformal adult education has been prominent in new educational policies of revolutionary governments in Cuba, Nicaragua, and…

The author argues against specialized education programs for rural children in developing nations, asserting that these children's education should not essentially differ from that considered suitable for urban children. For a contrasting opinion, see the article by David R. Evans (pp232-43). (See AA 533 194.) (SJL)

Reacting to the preceding article (pp216-21) by Elinor G. Barber, the author argues against a single formal system of general education for both rural and urban areas of developing nations. (See AA 533 193.) (SJL)

Discusses the characteristics, origins, and evolution of Latin American "popular education," a nonformal approach that incorporates consciousness raising and activist organization in the education of economically and politically subjugated adults. Describes community participatory-investigation activities as the typical first step beyond…

Educacion y Trabajo is a Chilean popular education program that provides participants, ages 15-30, with basic technical-skills training, personal-development training (to promote consciousness raising and self-evaluation), on-the-job training, and management training in microenterprises. A study of six female participants showed the program's…

A theoretical analysis of how nonformal education by radio represents a less expensive/more effective strategy for transmitting skills, knowledge, and values, increasingly likely to be adopted and directed toward adults in rural areas of developing countries. Illustrated with material from fieldwork in Huayacocotla, a village in Veracruz, Mexico.…