There exists no unified measurement framework that encompasses and integrates schooling and learning deficits--arguably the two most important education challenges in most developing countries. This article offers a methodology that fills this gap. Using the notions of age-appropriate grade, actual grade, and effective grade for a school-age…

Comparative education is singularly ill-equiped to examine interactions in a situation of conflict and domination between rival cultures, educational systems, or related positions of economic and political power within dominated and colonized societies. Comparative education may still be possible if a more inclusive and comprehensive framework of…

In light of Marxist, Western diffusionist, and dependency theories of change in developing nations, the author explores the relationship between the colonial penetration of India through the introduction of English education in the early nineteenth century and the elimination of indigenous schools already well developed at that time. (Author/SJL)

This 1974 survey of Indian secondary students studied the development of a sense of personal and political competence, subjects' degree of trust in persons outside the family, and their attitudes toward democracy. It analyzed interrelationships between these variables, socioeconomic background effects, and the role of the school in developing…

In comparing scientific life in Indian, Nigerian, and Kenyan universities, the author tries to suggest how science is shaped by factors associated with its development, its institutional context, with the political and social meaning of a science career, and with the nation's status in the international scientific community. (Author/SJL)

Lays out a framework in which microeconomic decision theory and elements of information/communication theory drawn from human geography and sociology are joined in an integrated approach to the analysis of the spread of schooling among the less developed countries. Tests the model on area variations in India, Brazil, and Mexico. (BRR)

Compares federal financing of education in the United States, Canada, Australia, Brazil, India, and Nigeria. Examines methods for reducing vertical and horizontal fiscal imbalances and resulting inequalities in provision of education. Predicts increasingly centralized financing and control of education. Contains 31 references. (SV)

Despite remarkable progress in education, China and India still face problems of massive illiteracy; lack of universal access to education; a hierarchical, elitist, examination-oriented system unrelated to economic needs and productive labor; a large number of unemployed school leavers; and dependence on foreign models, particularly at the higher…