Wall Street bankers currently serve as the national poster children for greed, but they face a strong challenge from some university researchers who have apparently been taking millions of dollars in secret from the medical industry. Recent revelations about those undisclosed payments have universities and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) scrambling to rein in biomedical researchers, even though leaders in the field have known about such problems for years. This month, Emory University acknowledged that the NIH had halted a $9.3-million grant to the university because of concerns raised about the financial ties of Charles B. Nemeroff, the project's former chief scientist and a professor of psychiatry. The finance committee of Emory University released data this month indicating that Dr. Nemeroff collected approximately $2.5-million from pharmaceutical companies between 2000 and 2007 but only disclosed about $1.2-million on forms that he was required to submit to the university. The Emory case illustrates how monitoring arrangements for financial conflicts of interest is getting difficult to monitor.