A series of six experiments compares young children's competence in attributing absence of knowledge (ignorance) to their competence in attributing a false belief to the other. (HOD)

In a study of attachment behavior 10-month-old infants were observed under three conditions: with the mother, with an adult female stranger, and when both were present. Infants directed more social responses to the mother, but the stranger evoked more exploration behavior than distress. (ST)

Results reveal a relationship between two previously explored areas of inquiry: orientation errors in copying and preferences for the orientation of nonrealistic shapes. (Author)

Children 10 to 14 years of age tried to identify and remember words presented visually with a backward mask. On different tasks, children recalled freely or serially, recognized by making a rapid forced-choice response, or simply named words as they were presented. Results were interpreted as identifying two sources of developmental and individual…

The development of 100 preterm infants from various social class and ethnic backgrounds was followed from birth to 5 years. Results indicated that developmental outcome at age 5 could be predicted moderately well from a single measure (infant visual attention) administered as early as term date. (Author/RH)

The performance of children ages three through eight years on a series of class-inclusion problems was examined in two studies. Three patterns of performance were observed: three- and four-year-olds responded in an approximately haphazard pattern, five- and six-year-olds tended to be consistently wrong, and seven- and eight-year-olds showed a…

A longitudinal study of young children's conceptions of money and its value was conducted among 80 subjects between the ages of 3 and 8 years. The research was conducted within the framework of Piagetian theory using the "critical method." Results demonstrate that the development of the notions under investigation proceeds in six…

Examines young children's awareness that an actor's intention to transfer possession or control is a necessary precondition for correct use of the verb "give". Ninety-six four- through six-year-olds were presented with anecdotes in which the actor's behavior was held constant but his subjective goal was varied. (Author/RH)

Sixteen children from each of kindergarten, second, and fourth grades were presented pictorially and verbally with a series of stories depicting actors who varied in the amount of helping they promised to do and in whether or not they helped. Findings indicated developmental change in the bases of trust. (RH)

Observed parent-child relationships, sibling relationships, and family problem solving, and obtained parent-reported child temperament assessments. Found that links among mother-older child relationship quality, father-older child relationship quality, and sibling relationship quality were moderated by the older sibling's temperament. The…

Provides descriptive data on strategies obese Mexican-American mothers use in the socialization of their children's eating practices. (PCB)

Studied 40 parents and their children aged 18-23 months to determine whether parents encouraged involvement with sex-stereotyped toys or avoidance of cross-sex-stereotyped toys, and whether masculine and feminine toys led to different patterns of parent-child interactions. Children showed greater involvement with same-sex than with cross-sex toys.…

Investigated variables which influenced viewing of "Sesame Street" by 326 children aged 3 and 5. The most important determinants of individual differences in viewing within age groups were the structure of the family and the family's relation to outside institutions. (RJC)

The auditory temporal resolving power of young children was measured using an adaptive forced choice psycho-physical paradigm that was disguised as a video game. (PCB)