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Christopher, Micaela E.; Hulslander, Jacqueline; Byrne, Brian; Samuelsson, Stefan; Keenan, Janice M.; Pennington, Bruce; DeFries, John C.; Wadsworth, Sally J.; Willcutt, Erik; Olson, Richard K. – Child Development, 2015
The present study explored the environmental and genetic etiologies of the longitudinal relations between prereading skills and reading and spelling. Twin pairs (n = 489) were assessed before kindergarten (M = 4.9 years), post-first grade (M = 7.4 years), and post-fourth grade (M = 10.4 years). Genetic influences on five prereading skills (print…
Descriptors: Genetics, Longitudinal Studies, Reading Comprehension, Environmental Influences
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Hughes, Claire; Jaffee, Sara R.; Happ, Francesca; Taylor, Alan; Caspi, Avshalom; Moffitt, Terrie E. – Child Development, 2005
In this study of the origins of individual differences in theory of mind (ToM), the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study sample of 1,116 sixty-month-old twin pairs completed a comprehensive battery of ToM tasks. Individual differences in ToM were striking and strongly associated with verbal ability. Behavioral genetic models of the…
Descriptors: Environmental Influences, Verbal Ability, Twins, Individual Differences
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Price, Thomas S.; Eley, Thalia C.; Dale, Philip S.; Stevenson, Jim; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2000
Examined infant verbal and nonverbal cognitive development for 1,937 pairs of same-sex 2-year-old twins. Found that verbal and nonverbal development correlated .42. Genetic factors were responsible for less than half of this phenotypic correlation. The genetic correlation between verbal and nonverbal abilities was only .30, suggesting that genetic…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Infants, Nature Nurture Controversy
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Munsinger, Harry; Douglass, Arthur, II – Child Development, 1976
The language development of monozygotic twins, same-sex dizygotic twins, siblings of monozygotic twins, and siblings of dizygotic twins, ages 3-17, was studied to estimate how much of the individual variation in children's language skills results from genetic factors and how much from environmental experience. (BRT)
Descriptors: Biological Influences, Elementary Secondary Education, Environmental Influences, Individual Differences