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Does Reading Cause Later Intelligence? Accounting for Stability in Models of Change
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Bailey, Drew H.; Littlefield, Andrew K. – Child Development, 2017
This study reanalyzes data presented by Ritchie, Bates, and Plomin (2015) who used a cross-lagged monozygotic twin differences design to test whether reading ability caused changes in intelligence. The authors used data from a sample of 1,890 monozygotic twin pairs tested on reading ability and intelligence at five occasions between the ages of 7…
Descriptors: Correlation, Child Development, Intelligence, Developmental Stages
Does Learning to Read Improve Intelligence? A Longitudinal Multivariate Analysis in Identical Twins from Age 7 to 16
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Ritchie, Stuart J.; Bates, Timothy C.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2015
Evidence from twin studies points to substantial environmental influences on intelligence, but the specifics of this influence are unclear. This study examined one developmental process that potentially causes intelligence differences: learning to read. In 1,890 twin pairs tested at 7, 9, 10, 12, and 16 years, a cross-lagged…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Twins, Environmental Influences, Child Development
Associations between Reading Achievement and Independent Reading in Early Elementary School: A Genetically Informative Cross-Lagged Study
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Harlaar, Nicole; Deater-Deckard, Kirby; Thompson, Lee A.; DeThorne, Laura S.; Petrill, Stephen A. – Child Development, 2011
This study used a cross-lagged twin design to examine reading achievement and independent reading from 10 to 11 years (n = 436 twin pairs). Reading achievement at age 10 significantly predicted independent reading at age 11. The alternative path, from independent reading at age 10 to reading achievement at age 11, was not significant. Individual…
Descriptors: Twins, Independent Reading, Reading Achievement, Genetics
From Learning to Read to Reading to Learn: Substantial and Stable Genetic Influence
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Harlaar, Nicole; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2007
Little is known about the underlying causes and developmental patterns of stability and change in early reading abilities. In a longitudinal study of twins (n=4,291 pairs), individual differences in reading achievement assessed by teachers using U.K. National Curriculum (NC) criteria showed substantial heritabilities at ages 7, 9, and 10 years…
Descriptors: Early Reading, Environmental Influences, Reading Ability, Reading Achievement