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Infant Vocalizing and Phenotypic Outcomes in Autism: Evidence from the First 2 Years
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Plate, Samantha; Yankowitz, Lisa; Resorla, Leslie; Swanson, Meghan R.; Meera, Shoba Sreenath; Estes, Annette; Marrus, Natasha; Cola, Meredith; Petrulla, Victoria; Faggen, Aubrey; Pandey, Juhi; Paterson, Sarah; Pruett, John R., Jr.; Hazlett, Heather; Dager, Stephen; St. John, Tanya; Botteron, Kelly; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Piven, Joseph; Schultz, Robert T.; Parish-Morris, Julia – Child Development, 2022
Infant vocalizations are early-emerging communicative markers shown to be atypical in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but few longitudinal, prospective studies exist. In this study, 23,850 infant vocalizations from infants at low (LR)- and high (HR)-risk for ASD (HR-ASD = 23, female = 3; HR-Neg = 35, female = 13; LR = 32, female = 10; 80% White;…
Descriptors: Infants, Toddlers, Verbal Communication, Autism
Assessment of Autism Symptoms from 6 to 18 Months of Age Using the Autism Observation Scale for Infants in a Prospective High-Risk Cohort
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Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Bryson, Susan E.; Brian, Jessica; Smith, Isabel M.; Sacrey, Lori; Armstrong, Vickie; Roberts, Wendy; Szatmari, Peter; Garon, Nancy; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Roncadin, Caroline – Child Development, 2021
The objectives were to characterize behavioral signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in younger siblings of diagnosed children (high-risk; HR) and examine classification features of the Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI). Participants (501 HR and 180 low-risk [LR]) were assessed between 6 and 18 months using the AOSI and at age 3 for…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Infant Behavior
Infant Attention and Early Childhood Executive Function
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Cuevas, Kimberly; Bell, Martha Ann – Child Development, 2014
Individual differences in infant attention are theorized to reflect the speed of information processing and are related to later cognitive abilities (i.e., memory, language, and intelligence). This study provides the first systematic longitudinal analysis of infant attention and early childhood executive function (EF; e.g., working memory,…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Early Childhood Education, Attention, Infants
Newborn Irritability Moderates the Association between Infant Attachment Security and Toddler Exploration and Sociability
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Stupica, Brandi; Sherman, Laura J.; Cassidy, Jude – Child Development, 2011
This longitudinal investigation of 84 infants examined whether the effect of 12-month attachment on 18- and 24-month exploration and sociability with unfamiliar adults varied as a function of newborn irritability. As expected, results revealed an interaction between attachment (secure vs. insecure) and irritability (highly irritable vs. moderately…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Infants, Parent Child Relationship, Social Development
Toward a Developmental Model of Child Compliance: The Role of Emotion Regulation in Infancy.
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Stifter, Cynthia A.; Spinrad, Tracy L.; Braungart-Rieker, Julia M. – Child Development, 1999
Examined relationship between emotion regulation at ages 5, 10, and 18 months, and compliance at 30 months. Found that infants with low levels of regulatory behavior were more likely to be noncompliant as toddlers. High cardiac vagal tone was related to noncompliance to toy clean-up, whereas low cardiac vagal tone was related to noncompliance to…
Descriptors: Compliance (Psychology), Emotional Development, Infant Behavior, Infants
Mother-Toddler Problem Solving: Antecedents in Attachment, Home Behavior, and Temperament.
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Frankel, Karen A.; Bates, John E. – Child Development, 1990
Attempted to replicate findings of a previous study which found that mother-toddler interaction during problem solving was related to the child's prior attachment security. Examined the relationship between problem-solving interactions on the one hand, and mother-child interactions at home and infant temperament on the other. (PCB)
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Infant Behavior, Mothers, Parent Child Relationship
Is There a "Trochaic Bias" in Early Word Learning? Evidence from Infant Production in English and French.
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Vihman, Marilyn May; DePaolis, Rory A.; Davis, Barbara L. – Child Development, 1998
Analyzed vocalizations/verbalizations from children acquiring English or French in later single-word period to identify trochaic bias. Found that neither language's vocalizations were exclusively trochaic. French/English differences in iambic productions and acoustic realization of accent were traceable to adult input. Distribution of trochaic and…
Descriptors: Child Language, Comparative Analysis, English, French
Words and Gestures: Infants' Interpretations of Different Forms of Symbolic Reference.
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Namy, Laura L.; Waxman, Sandra R. – Child Development, 1998
Three experiments examined the relation between language acquisition and other symbolic abilities in 18- and 26-month-olds. Found that 18-month-olds spontaneously interpreted gestures, like words, as names for object categories. At 26 months, they spontaneously interpreted words as names and novel gestures as names only when given additional…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Developmental Stages, Infant Behavior, Infants
Out of the Toolbox: Toddlers Differentiate Wobbly and Wooden Handrails
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Berger, Sarah E.; Adolph, Karen E.; Lobo, Sharon A. – Child Development, 2005
This study examined whether 16-month-old walking infants take the material composition of a handrail into account when assessing its effectiveness as a tool to augment balance. Infants were encouraged to cross from one platform to another via bridges of various widths (10, 20, 40cm) with either a wobbly (foam or latex) or a wooden handrail…
Descriptors: Child Development, Physical Activities, Infant Behavior, Toddlers
Infants' Learning about Words and Sounds in Relation to Objects.
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Woodward, Amanda L.; Hoyne, Karen L. – Child Development, 1999
Two studies examined whether 1-year olds' name learning during joint attention was guided by expectation that names will be in the form of spoken words. Results showed that 13-month olds, but not 20-month olds, learned a new sound/object correspondence, as evidenced by their choosing targets reliably in responses to hearing the word or sound on…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Associative Learning, Cognitive Development, Expectation
Differential Reactions to Assertive and Communicative Acts of Toddler Boys and Girls.
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Fagot, Beverly I.; And Others – Child Development, 1985
Analyzed reactions 15 boys and 19 girls received from adults and peers when subjects attempted to communicate and physically assert control. At 14 months, children's behavior did not differ by sex, but caregivers differentiated responses by sex; at 24 months, children's behavior differed by sex, but caregivers did not differentiate their responses…
Descriptors: Assertiveness, Females, Infant Behavior, Males
Adrenocortical Responses to the Strange Situation in Infants with Disorganized/Disoriented Attachment Relationships.
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Hertsgaard, Louise; And Others – Child Development, 1995
Examined the stress vulnerability of infants with disorganized/disoriented attachment patterns by measuring salivatory cortisol levels in 19-month olds following the Ainsworth Strange Situation procedure. Indicates that infants' disorganized attachment behavior reflects a vulnerability to stressful stimulation, suggesting a model of stress…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Attachment Behavior, Emotional Response, Infant Behavior
Predictors and Correlates of Anger toward and Punitive Control of Toddlers by Adolescent Mothers.
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Crockenberg, Susan – Child Development, 1987
Tested were the impact of rejection and acceptance experienced by adolescent mothers during childhood; social support received after their baby's birth; and infant irritability on angry, punitive maternal behavior. Possible links between maternal behavior and indices of child anger, noncompliance, low confidence, and social withdrawal were also…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Anger, Child Rearing, Early Parenthood
Nonverbal Communication Skills in Down Syndrome Children.
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Mundy, Peter; And Others – Child Development, 1988
Examines the nonverbal communication competence of 18- to 48-month-old Down Syndrome children. Results indicate that Downs children display strengths and weaknesses in nonverbal communication skills. Further, results suggest a deficit in expressive language is associated with a deficit in nonverbal requesting skill that had developed earlier among…
Descriptors: Downs Syndrome, Emotional Response, Facial Expressions, Infant Behavior
Extended Visual Fixation in the Early Preschool Years: Look Duration, Heart Rate Changes, and Attentional Inertia.
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Richards, John E.; Cronise, Kim – Child Development, 2000
Examined visual fixation in infants 6 months to 2 years old for fit with theory of attentional inertia. Found that fixations had lognormal distribution, heart rate decreased during a look, and heart rate returned to prestimulus levels immediately before look offset. Older children showed different looking patterns to two types of stimuli; younger…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Attention, Attention Control, Attention Span
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