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Maternal Employment, Work Schedules, and Children's Body Mass Index
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Morrissey, Taryn W.; Dunifon, Rachel E.; Kalil, Ariel – Child Development, 2011
Previous work has shown that mothers' employment is associated with increases in children's body mass index (BMI), a measure of weight for height. Nonstandard work (working evenings or nights, weekends, or an irregular shift) may also be associated with children's BMI. This article examines the association between maternal work and children's BMI…
Descriptors: Evidence, Working Hours, Body Composition, Mothers
How 15 Hundred Is like 15 Cherries: Effect of Progressive Alignment on Representational Changes in Numerical Cognition
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Thompson, Clarissa A.; Opfer, John E. – Child Development, 2010
How does understanding the decimal system change with age and experience? Second, third, sixth graders, and adults (Experiment 1: N = 96, mean ages = 7.9, 9.23, 12.06, and 19.96 years, respectively) made number line estimates across 3 scales (0-1,000, 0-10,000, and 0-100,000). Generation of linear estimates increased with age but decreased with…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Grade 6, Grade 2, Age Differences
Longitudinal Study of Preadolescent Sport Self-Concept and Performance: Reciprocal Effects and Causal Ordering
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Marsh, Herbert W.; Gerlach, Erin; Trautwein, Ulrich; Ludtke, Oliver; Brettschneider, Wolf-Dietrich – Child Development, 2007
Do preadolescent sport self-concepts influence subsequent sport performance? Longitudinal data (Grades 3, 4, and 6) for young boys and girls (N = 1,135; mean age = 9.67) were used to test reciprocal effects model (REM) predictions that sport self-concept is both a cause and a consequence of sport accomplishments. Controlling prior sport…
Descriptors: Preadolescents, Adolescents, Grade 6, Grade 4
Moving Toward and Away From the World: Social Approach and Avoidance Trajectories in Anxious Solitary Youth
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Gazelle, Heidi; Rudolph, Karen D. – Child Development, 2004
This investigation tested the person-by-environment hypothesis that the joint influence of behavioral vulnerability (anxious solitude) and interpersonal adversity (peer exclusion) predicts heightened social avoidance and depression over time. The study assessed 519 fifth and sixth graders 3 times during 1 year. Teachers reported social behavior…
Descriptors: Grade 6, Grade 5, Social Behavior, Depression (Psychology)
Subtypes, Severity, and Structural Stability of Peer Victimization: What Does Latent Class Analysis Say?
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Nylund, Karen; Bellmore, Amy; Nishina, Adrienne; Graham, Sandra – Child Development, 2007
This study uses latent class analysis (LCA) to empirically identify victimization groups during middle school. Approximately 2,000 urban, public middle school students (mean age in sixth grade = 11.57) reported on their peer victimization during the Fall and Spring semesters of their sixth, seventh, and eighth grades. Independent LCA analyses at…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Grade 8, Grade 6, Victims of Crime
Adolescent Prosocial Behavior: The Role of Self-Processes and Contextual Cues
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Wentzel, Kathryn R.; Filisetti, Laurence; Looney, Lisa – Child Development, 2007
Peer- and teacher-reported prosocial behavior of 339 6th-grade (11-12 years) and 8th-grade (13-14 years) students was examined in relation to prosocial goals, self-processes (reasons for behavior, empathy, perspective taking, depressive affect, perceived competence), and contextual cues (expectations of peers and teachers). Goal pursuit…
Descriptors: Perspective Taking, Empathy, Prosocial Behavior, Early Adolescents