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Erbeli, Florina; van Bergen, Elsje; Hart, Sara A. – Child Development, 2020
The purpose of this study was to test the directionality of influence between reading comprehension (RC) and print exposure (PE), thereby estimating genetic and environmental effects of this relation. The sample consisted of 910 twins in fourth through ninth grades (M[subscript age] = 12.33 years, SD = 1.41) from the Florida Twin Project on…
Descriptors: Correlation, Reading Comprehension, Twins, Reading Instruction

Umbel, Vivian M.; And Others – Child Development, 1992
Hispanic first graders who spoke only Spanish at home (OSH) and those who spoke English and Spanish at home (ESH) performed near the mean on a Spanish adaptation of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-R). The ESH children scored higher than OSH children on the PPVT-R. (BC)
Descriptors: Bilingual Students, Bilingualism, Elementary School Students, English