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Clark, Burton R. – Change, 2000
Report on a 10-year study of five European universities involved in major institutional change suggests five "pathways of transformation," including: (1) a strengthened steering core; (2) an enhanced developmental periphery; (3) a diversified funding base; (4) a stimulated academic heartland; and (5) an embracing entrepreneurial culture.…
Descriptors: Change Agents, Change Strategies, Collegiality, Entrepreneurship

Duff, John B. – Change, 1983
An earlier article evaluating Massachusetts' recent long-range plan for higher education is criticized. Aspects of the plan omitted in the first article are noted, including state financing improvements, incentives for institutional action, and increased local autonomy. (MSE)
Descriptors: Budgeting, Futures (of Society), Higher Education, Institutional Cooperation