The concept underlying affirmative action emerged in 1941, but resistance to it persists. Equity management is a form of leadership committed to diversity as a strength, not a weakness. Federal policy has led in this approach, and historically black colleges provide models. Higher education must now forge effective policies and practices. (MSE)

Given the enormous public and private investment required to produce physicians and scientists, higher education can not dismiss reports that it produces too many MDs and PhDs. Universities can help by assuring students have timely information about employment prospects. Further research is needed on recent graduates' career paths, foreign medical…