Investigates what type of study (information processing) is sufficient for transfer of information to long-term memory and demonstrates that the influence of a fixed set of study instructions on long-term recall may vary as a function of the locus of the time available to study a list for prior short-term recall. (Author/RK)

Together, these studies replicate and extend Gordon and Spear's (1973a) findings that proactive interference decreases as the interval between prior and subsequent learning increases and that reactivation of a prior memory just before subsequent learning significantly increases the proactive interference due to the prior learning. (Author/RK)

The learning of backward associations by pigeons during training of forward associations was studied in three experiments using a symbolic matching task. The data are contrasted with the strong evidence of learning of backward associations by humans. (Editor/RK)

The tasks with item and position probes seem similar. Given an item probe, a subject must recall its position in the spatial array; given a position probe, the item in that position in the array. Analysis of correct responses and latencies showed that item and position probes yielded different results. (Editor/RK)

To test the tendency of subjects to perceptually organize discrete temporal patterns with regard to runs of identical stimulus events, spatiotemporal patterns of white noise were presented for reproduction. It is suggested that changes in runs of auditory patterns are perceptually analogous to changes in contours of visual patterns. (Editor/RK)

Adults and children judged mirror and nonmirror pairs of stimuli. The findings in this research suggested a nonperceptual explanation of mirror-image confusions, one involving conceptual and linguistic considerations. (Editor/RK)

Examines the position that the presence of contexts facilitates paired-associate learning through mediation. (Editor/RK)

Attempts to reexamine the role of response suppression as a contributor to retroactive inhibition in recall. (Author/RK)

This research sought to distinguish among three concepts of visual persistence by substituting the physical presence of the target stimulus while simultaneously inhibiting the formation of a persisting representation. Reportability of information about the stimuli was compared to a condition in which visual persistence was allowed to fully develop…

Article considered whether one should be able to obtain - by selecting the appropriate orienting task - incidental learning that is superior to ordinary intentional learning. (Author/RK)

Two experiments tested the effect of variable encoding on recall. (Editor)

The present study was designed to investigate the manner in and the extent to which a subject's experience with the position of items influences the strength of interitem associations as they are measured by intralist intrusions, by the association method, and by transfer effects on paired-associate performance. (Author/RK)

The present study aimed to apply to the retention of a serially learned list some principles suggested by recent research on interference in the retention of paired associates. (Author/RK)

The ability of subjects to scan only one of two sets of items in short-term memory was investigated as a function of the similarity between the items in the two sets, the type of test used to evaluate retention of sets, and the number of items in each set. Results indicated that this one-set scan ability is limited by the capacity of short-term…

This paper is addressed to the process of learning to retrieve learned verbal material. Retrieval itself may be viewed as involving a plan or strategy for recovering the appropriate material in the particular situation for recall. (Author)