Purpose: The aim of this paper is to explore the importance of individual learner differences and the effect differentiated instruction (DI) has on learners' levels of engagement. Design/methodology/approach: The author carried out this research using a small-scale action research (AR) study. Findings: The findings suggest that in acknowledging and responding to individual learner differences, especially interests, levels of learner engagement are positively affected. Research limitations/implications: This study's key limitations were sample size, short-term study and potential teacher as researcher bias. Practical implications: Recommendations were made for a further longitudinal study into the relationship between DI and language learner levels of engagement at University. An additional study into DI that looks beyond language learning at HE, could add value to pedagogic approaches, which could make courses of greater intrinsic value to its students. Originality/value: This research study aims to help fill a gap in the literature on the application of DI, as well as a unique perspective into its effect on learner engagement within a university context.