Over 129,000 Indiana students speak a language other than English at home, and there are over 295 different languages represented in Indiana schools. Of these, over 77,000 students have been formally identified as ELs due to limited proficiency in speaking, listening, reading, and writing academic English. ELs comprise roughly 6% of Indiana's total student population, and they are enrolled in schools and districts in every corner of the state. Some EL students are immigrants and refugees, but the vast majority of Indiana's ELs were born in the United States. ELs have rich potential--culturally, linguistically, and academically. Indiana assessment data shows that students who achieve fluency in English often outperform native-speaking peers on statewide content assessments. Whether a local educational agency (LEA) has one EL or thousands, they are obligated to meet certain federal requirements for their students. This document is designed as a reference for district and school personnel working with ELs as they provide support and guidance throughout their educational journey. This guidance presents a compilation of information, examples, and resources directly for local use. [For the previous edition, see ED607735.]