Marijuana and alcohol use by high school students has continued to increase through the latter part of the 1970's. To gain information on the extent of this problem in their area, a school district in rural western Pennsylvania approved a study of drug and alcohol usage by the school district's 2,200 students. For reasons of confidentiality, all words and names that would identify the school district have been removed from the report (and replaced by an "X" in the text). Specific purposes of the study were to collect data on student drug and alcohol use, to find factors related to such usage, and to lay the groundwork for designing a program to deal with drug and alcohol problems. A random sample of one-half of the students in the 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th grades (N=296) was selected to complete a 40-item questionnaire which covered these areas: personal data, community drug and alcohol information, and personal experience with drugs and alcohol. A nonexistent drug (phenohalides) was included in the questionnaire as a validity check on students' responses. Statistical analyses revealed, among other results, that drug and alcohol use by seniors at this high school generally paralleled national levels of use; however, usage by 10th graders was greater than that by the seniors, suggesting that the drug problem will get worse before it decreases. Recommendations were that a drug and alcohol prevention program be initiated as soon as possible, and that the program should begin in the primary grades. Part 1 of the results section includes an extensive set of statistical tables with data by grade for each questionnaire item. Part 2 of the results section presents tables of the statistical analyses of the relationship of certain variables to marijuana and alcohol usage; each of the tables is followed by a summary of the results included in that table. The complete survey instrument is appended. (WAS)