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Qassim, Tabarek Ali; Abbas, Nawal Fadhel; Ahmed, Fatima Falih; Hameed, Sura – Arab World English Journal, 2021
In the framework of this study, the phenomenon of transfer is probed pragma-linguistically and socio-linguistically concerning marriage situations among Iraqi EFL learners. The study also strives to look at the refusal strategies most commonly employed by Iraqi female English as a foreign Language (EFL) learners compared to their counterparts,…
Descriptors: Pragmatics, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
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Pfaff, Lawrence A.; Boatwright, Karyn J.; Potthoff, Andrea L.; Finan, Caitlin; Ulrey, Leigh Ann; Huber, Daniel M. – Performance Improvement Quarterly, 2013
In this study, researchers used a customized 360-degree method to examine the frequency with which 1,546 men and 721 women leaders perceived themselves and were perceived by colleagues as using 10 relational and 10 task-oriented leadership behaviors, as addressed in the Management-Leadership Practices Inventory (MLPI). As hypothesized, men and…
Descriptors: Leadership Styles, Females, Males, Hypothesis Testing