This report reviews the use of loans for learning in 33 European countries and analyses the schemes in eight selected Member States: France, Hungary, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Finland, Sweden and the UK. The analysis shows that loan schemes vary considerably across Europe in terms of types and levels of learning covered, conditions of…

A national survey was conducted in the spring of 1993 as follow-up to a 1992 survey on the impact of bulk funding on New Zealand kindergartens. The policy of bulk funding involves the payment of a flat rate per pupil hour to kindergarten associations, which then distribute the money to individual kindergartens, which in turn set teacher salaries…