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Tai, Tzu-Yu; Chen, Howard Hao-Jan – Interactive Learning Environments, 2023
Willingness to communicate (WTC) is considered to be an important factor contributing to successful foreign language learning. Many studies aim at finding effective tools for enhancing WTC. With the support of AI and Automatic Speech Recognition technology, intelligent personal assistants (IPAs) seem to have potentials in improving foreign…
Descriptors: Grade 8, English (Second Language), English Language Learners, Language Attitudes