The purpose of this presentation is to present information on how to develop one's career as an independent TESOL professional (e.g. adjunct instructor, freelancer, contractor or consultant). The methodology used to present this information is active practitioner reflection. The discussion includes topics such as various types independent…

The paper offers a sample budget for the operation of a Committee on the Handicapped. The rationale for the existence of a budget is discussed and the development of the budget is examined. It is explained that the budget should be developed by those most familiar with the operations of the committee and that budget assumptions should be shared…

Using data published by "Editor & Publisher," annual reports, and confidential material made available by publishers, this paper examines budgets for papers of varying sizes from 1947 to 1974. While expenses have been increasing more rapidly than revenue since 1947, newspapers are above average in rate of return on revenue. Earnings of 15% after…

Cost analysis involves breaking down operating costs of a school district and allocating those costs to the appropriate unit of analysis so various comparisons can be made and used by school boards in making decisions about whether to continue certain programs or whether to close or consolidate school buildings. A cost analysis does not provide…

This paper presents a standard costing model appropriate for determining real costs of programs which are not entirely self-contained. Central to the model is the concept of allocation pools involving resources which are not attributable to a single program or program component, but whose costs must be shared by any given program which is part of…

A thorough review of Lane Community College's purchase order system revealed that 62% of all purchase orders processed in 1981-82 were for amounts under $100; that these orders made up only 3.5% of the dollars expended in acquiring materials and services for college operations; and that each purchase order cost the college $75 in supplies and…

Two papers consider the capital recovery difficulties of telephone companies in the current deregulatory environment. The first, "Capital Recovery in the Transition Period" (Gail Garfield Schwartz, New York State Public Service Commission) describes the process determining depreciation in both regulated and deregulated environments, and…

In the Spring of 1973, American television news editors were surveyed for data on staff size, operating budgets, work roles, camera equipment, portable VTR equipment, wire services, mobile equipment, and number of newscasts. The data obtained are reported in five levels of operating budgets with a summary of the statistics for each area of news…

A nationwide survey of 999 two-year colleges was conducted to collect data concerning computer-related expenditures at the colleges and to facilitate interinstitutional comparisons of these data. The survey collected data on current annual operating expenditures, Fall 1979 credit student headcount, and current annual outlays for: (1) "normal"…

Surveys of educational needs have revealed an under-supply of teachers trained to teach handicapped students. In 1969 Pennsylvania State University founded a program to instruct teachers in curriculum development and the delivery of services for handicapped students. Since the aim of the program was to develop a model to deliver such instruction…

A food-systems consultant and designer advises school districts that want prosperous food service programs to adopt big-business methods. Successful commercial operations hire top food-service consultants and designers to get the most from their space, equipment, and labor. Commercial enterprises are concerned with efficient utilization of plant…

Presents a series of five principles which facilitate the completion of performance analysis and the implementation of solutions to organizational problems. The effectiveness of the principles is demonstrated through an account of a project in which lack of control over operating room inventory in a hospital was analyzed and remedied. (JL)

A questionnaire was mailed to 341 colleges and universities granting graduate degrees in reading to obtain information about the function and operation of their reading clinics. The concerns addressed include the function of the clinic, the type of clients served, the type of staff employed, the kinds of services offered, and the kind of funding…

Factors that affect the implementation of professional allied health education programs were studied at 64 four-year black colleges and universities that had no such programs before 1975-76. By 1980, six of the institutions had implemented these programs. Twenty-seven operating ratios and seven institutional characteristics were analyzed, based on…

This analysis looks at the effects of changes in school district size on the district budget. Specifically, budgetary changes reflecting the relative emphasis on instruction are analyzed. Proportional budget allocations are used to represent the relative investment of resources in functions or activities of school districts. Resource allocation…