Historians have traditionally seen the advent of radio in the United States as a signal in the early 1920s for a season of euphoria; what they have not seen is the sense of shock and loss the new technology brought. An analysis of newspaper and magazine coverage of the new medium documents the impact on American sensibilities of the new…

Official censorship should not exist in university theatre productions. What censorship does exist is primarily unofficial--often unspoken--and consists of group, authority, and financial pressures on the director and the production staff, influencing them to avoid risks necessary for artistic growth and intellectual development. This sort of…

Research on altruism has found that persons experiencing either positive or negative moods are often more altruistically inclined than their counterparts experiencing neutral affective states. Prosocial behavior may become self-gratifying and altruism may be a form of hedonism. A field study investigated the effects of positive and negative moods…

Views of decision-makers regarding pre- and post-retirement activities, the sources of information used to learn about older persons, and the impact these sources had on their views about these activities were investigated. Data was gathered from 211 decision-makers that included two subgroups of private sector leaders and two subgroups of public…

To determine the extent to which males and females bring similar or dissimilar attitudes of trust to encounters with members of the same or the opposite sex, a study was conducted that examined attitudes of interpersonal trust according to the subject's perception of the expertness (validity of judgment), reliability, and dynamism of the attitude…

Degree of belief in rape myths as determined by participant gender, attitudes about the role of women in contemporary society, and factual knowledge of rape was investigated in a sample of 118 male and 126 female college students. The results support the general assumption that a rape ideology exists which involves components of belief in rape…

A review of the development of literacy in American national life provides both a picture of two centuries during which the strong association of literacy with mainstream cultural values was largely unexamined and unchallenged, and a realization that illiteracy is inextricably related to problems of discrimination and alienation in the workplace,…

The Motherhood Inventory (MI) is a 40-item questionnaire developed to study attitudes toward motherhood and the motherhood myth. It includes items related to the control of reproduction, abortion, adoption, single motherhood, male-female relationships, and idealized and punitive attitudes toward mothers. The MI was investigated using 301 subjects…

This presentation suggests that creating more options for all individuals is a way to move away from alienation toward liberation, and attempts to clarify this change process by looking at some of the forces which stand in the way of increasing options. It deals largely with the issue of limitations imposed on individuals by virtue of their…

It was predicted that high self-esteem subjects would have higher attraction scores than low self-esteem subjects to similar strangers or to strangers who gave positive personal evaluations. It was also predicted that high self-esteem subjects would have lower attraction scores than low self-esteem subjects to dissimilar strangers or to subjects…

Among the purposes of using interest inventories in career guidance are to broaden, stimulate, and provide a focus to career exploration, and to stimulate exploration of self in relation to career. This paper explores the research literature for evidence of the number and kinds of career options which boys and girls are considering and which…

The President of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (AAMD) examines how Hollywood films have helped to deter the negative stereotypes of handicapped persons in text accompanying a 26-minute series of clips from movies made between 1930-1985. Activities and attitudes of the AAMD during the same period are traced. (VW)

This paper discusses anti-intellectualism in the United States from a rural viewpoint, defines "ideology," and questions whether the psychology of gifted education is an ideology. Fear and loathing of intellectuals are identified with the working class, a view that distorts the role of intellectuals. A rural view of anti-intellectualism…

This paper argues that a hermeneutic perspective--the art of interpreting and understanding across differences--should be considered in any educational discussion about leadership. It explains that hermeneutics searches for understanding and creates meaning, not explanation. The paper goes on to examine the educational philosophy of John Dewey,…

Results show that the drawings attributed to the Aboriginal "artist" produced more positive impressions and were rated more highly on the semantic differential. This research was presented at the Rocky Mountain Psychological Convention, Denver, Colorado, April, 1978. (Author)