Until recently, older workers have not been recognized as a group requiring special attention in the area of fair employment practices. Thus, progress has been slow towards the development of valid and reliable indices of performance which are applicable across the life span. Research shows that many measures of employee evaluation provide no…

Faculty career changes through retirement, a move to another institution, or a move to nonacademic employment were examined through interviews with 134 faculty members who had left Pennsylvania State University, a multi-campus research university. The research design incorporated the concept of "social information processing" (Pfeffer,…

This paper considers the economics of employment and education in industralized countries, particularly European countries. The paper covers six main topics. The first part deals with the present European employment situation, using figures mainly from Holland; the second part is an economic outlook for the 1980s; in the third, the employment and…

The issue of federal intervention facing institutions of higher education is addressed and quantitative and qualitative impacts of recent federal legislation and regulations on higher education are measured. Precepts posited in defense of federal intervention are articulated, including: financial contributions, social injustice, moral…

A significant reason for the establishment of the junior college was the desire to limit the achievement of large numbers of college entrants, because there were not enough high level jobs for all who aspired to complete traditional degrees. In the history of the junior college movement, this problem of mass education has been attacked by…

Serious problems were posed by North American pioneer efforts to force their traditions on Eskimos, Indians, and Aleuts. Fortunately, other pioneers, such as home economists and district agents with the University of Alaska Cooperative Extension Service, responded to villagers' home and community needs. The University of Alaska also pioneered in…

This paper examines practices under school control that have an impact on the allocation and expenditure of instructional time, and offers research based considerations for effective program implementation. Research literature sources and data sets are used as a basis for examining: pacing of instruction, uses of common textbook instruction,…

A number of studies of deaf adolescents, deaf college students and deaf females have shown that stereotyped aspirations and notions of sex-typed occupational roles are typical of deaf subjects. Deafness, like gender, represents a handicap for holding certain jobs. Societal pressure to fit the doubly stereotyped occupational roles mandated by their…

Directed at the problem of providing equitable long term rural development, this collection of papers deals with the criteria on which research and educational priorities should be based, given the vast problems and limited resources in the U.S. today. There are 11 papers in this collection: "National Outlook and Perspective" (a plea for…

That 1975 has ushered in a new and different way of thinking and reacting to public education at all levels as well as reflecting consumerism, confrontation, and conciliation is the main message of this paper. What follows is an attempt to place urban public schooling within the context of America, 1975. The short era of equal educational…

Black, Puerto Rican, Chicano, native American and low income white children represent the vast educational underclass who are most likely to be affected by test misuse or abuse. More than 50 million American children take at least three standardized tests a year, it is estimated. Of these an estimated ten percent are subjected to and are damaged…

One of the valued premises of public education in the State of Washington is that curriculum in the schools must be left flexible, subject to the needs of each student and community, the judgment of professional educators, and the demands of society. The first purpose of this guide is to assist schools in maintaining self-determination. The second…

A student flow model in linear programming format, designed to plan the movement of students into secondary and university programs in Tunisia, is described. The purpose of the plan is to determine a sufficient number of graduating students that would flow back into the system as teachers or move into the labor market to meet fixed manpower…

This paper deals with the issue of black-white differences in cognitive skills. Some authorities attribute these differences to differences in the environments of black and white homes. Others state that the differences are due to differences in genes, i.e., heredity. Scholars holding these two opposing views have become more or less entangled in…

Equity in faculty salaries has always been a controversial issue facing institutions of higher education. As a bastion of academic freedom where faculty and students purse knowledge, it is almost anti-intellectual to find a gender gap in salaries. More importantly, there are laws, which ensure gender equity in salaries. Thus, salary equity has…