In this address, the author examines the complex scope of reading achievement, instruction, and research in the United States. The discussion begins with a historical perspective, continues with views of the development of reading as a science and as a profession, and concludes with a discussion of current and future developments in the reading…

This handbook describes in detail the method by which a student enrolled in Reading Efficiency and Communication Training (REACT), a course for college students who have not acquired basic reading and study skills, may earn a grade. The grade is determined by the total number of points earned by a student during the quarter. Students may earn…

The 1970 International Educational Achievement (IEA) survey had placed New Zealand's nine- and fourteen-year-olds first in reading achievement in comparison with all other participating countries. By the time the 1990 IEA survey took place, however, mean achievement levels had slipped somewhat, and by the mid-1990s New Zealand's reputation was…

The latent structure of the reading test of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) Reading Literacy study was investigated. The use of latent class modeling for investigating the measurement properties of a large-scale reading assessment database is demonstrated. The study focused on response data from…

The purpose of the present investigation was to examine graduate students' reading comprehension and reading vocabulary, by comparing scores of graduate students on a standardized reading test to scores obtained by a large normative sample of undergraduates. Participants were 59 graduate students from various disciplines, enrolled in three…

A study investigated the relationship between the amount students read and reading achievement. Subjects, 2,185 first- through eighth-grade students enrolled in a Chapter 1 program during the 1990-91 school year in a large southeastern school district, kept reading logs. Teachers informally assessed comprehension of each text read, and they…

While the charge that standardized tests are biased is not new, critics (including feminists) recently have made accusations of gender bias. One argument for the superior performance of males on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SAT), the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (PSAT/NMSQT), and the American…

Data gathered under various statewide testing programs in South Carolina were used to assess the effects of PET (data base) training for teachers on student achievement. Reading and mathematics achievement data for students in grades 1 through 4 in South Carolina were compared for teachers who had received PET training and those who did not. A…

A study investigated the relationship between teachers' expectations of first and second grade bilingual students and reading achievement of students in English. Through classroom observation, researchers identified the expectations held by the teachers for the bilingual students and then identified teacher behaviors toward the high and low…

A study examined the relationship between television viewing and reading behavior within a sample of 198 fourth, fifth, and sixth grade students: specifically, whether the amount and specific content of television being viewed affected reading achievement and leisure reading patterns. Intelligence and reading achievement scores of each participant…

The hypothesis of this study was that reading rate would be relatively constant (within a 15% range of the subject's mean reading rate) both within and across different difficulty levels of materials as long as the levels of difficulty remained at or below the subject's ability level. The subjects were 65 college students whose reading levels…

This paper argues that the first step in research aimed at identifying what constitutes the effective reading teacher should be the establishment of criteria which deals with effectiveness. A conceptual model is presented which could be used to identify the effective teacher. The focal point of the model is that effective reading instruction…

This paper discusses the role of the affective realm in the reading process. Its purposes are to provide some basic information about self-concept and to emphasize the prominent position which self-concept should occupy in teaching. The contents include a discussion of what self-concept is, of how self-concept is developed, and of the relationship…

The Fact and Fiction Research Project, funded by the ESRC (Economic and Social Research Council) and based at the School of Education, University of Southampton (England), completed a 2-year study into gender and reading in the 7-9 age group. The project, designed to address boys' underachievement in English by reviewing their development as…

In 1998 and again in 2002, samples of eighth grade students in California were tested in reading as part of the state-level component of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). In each of these years, all eighth graders in the state were also required to participate in the state's accountability testing, which included the reading…