This report describes the results of two studies of teacher expectations for 4-year-old children in private and public preschool programs. One study took place at a private day care center with 3 teachers who had no degrees in education and 48 children. The second study was conducted at 2 public elementary schools and involved 2 teachers with…

It is proposed that non-native teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in non-English-speaking developing countries receive certification of English language proficiency, despite the fact that they are graduates of teacher education programs. Such certification would be entrusted to an independent body, such as a national language testing…

This study examined how children's experience of regulatable quality and teacher-child interaction differs between nonprofit and for-profit day care settings. Gender and age differences in children's day care experiences were also explored. Assessments of regulatable quality and teacher-child interaction were conducted in three for-profit and two…

The Australian Second Language Proficiency Ratings (ASLPR) is a scale that describes how second language proficiency develops on a scale from zero to native-like proficiency, providing performance descriptions in terms of practical tasks. Initially developed for English second language teaching, it has been adapted for English dialects in…

These two papers were presented at a symposium on instructional technology in human resource development (HRD) moderated by Mark Lewis at the 1996 conference of the Academy of Human Resource Development. "An Analysis of the Instructional Technology Competencies Required by HRD Practitioners and Sources of Competency Development" (Julie…

This study examined characteristics of independent educational consultants, who provide a new and rapidly growing service, as well as characteristics of their clients who use these consultants in their college search process. The study used data from the Consultant Survey, which was mailed to 317 independent educational consultants of whom 157…

The status of assessment in terms of federal policy, the social or economic climate related to education, the role of testing in counseling, assessment as an intervention in its own right, and assessment as it is affected by technology are important components of the context of issues and challenges related to assessment at the edge of the 21st…

A 1990 study compared actual practice in trade and industrial education (T&I) degree and T&I option granting institutions with the standards delineated in section 2 of Standards of Excellence in T&I Education (U.S. Department of Education 1985). Descriptive data were compiled addressing the status of T&I teacher education in…

The current pressure to look seriously at the connection between the economy and the educational and occupational skills of adults is being driven by changes in both economic conditions and the makeup of the U.S. labor force. Manufacturing has declined, taking with it low-skill, high-wage jobs, and the work force has more immigrants, women, and…

Training courses for teachers of English as a Second Language (ESL) at the elementary and secondary levels, implemented in Brunei in 1989, are described, and proposals for a new teacher certification level are examined. The first course leads to a diploma in elementary/secondary ESL teaching, and is characterized by both written and practical work…

A genuine concern for the condition of education in the United States has led to misuse of standardized tests to measure teacher quality. The tests have been used for purposes of admission, advancement, merit, graduation, and certification contrary to research findings and test developer guidelines. The current use of tests has resulted in…

Due to rapid social changes, the government of the Republic of China instituted in 1979 the "Teacher Education Statute," which incorporated the training of both elementary and secondary school teachers. This was followed by legislation in the form of bylaws that prescribed the ways and means of the program's implementation. Revision of…

The study attempted to determine whether monolingual English-speaking supervisors and bilingual-bicultural supervisors would provide markedly different supervision management to bilingual (English-Spanish) student clinicians in audiology/speech pathology. After viewing each of 10 video-tapes of Spanish language therapy sessions for 2 preschool…

A study examined the professional and technical education needs of health occupations education (HOE) teachers in North Carolina. Utilizing an ex post facto research design, researchers administered professional education needs assessment surveys to all 1,058 teachers in attendance at the 1981 North Carolina Annual Vocational Conference. A…

A study compared actual practice in trade and industrial (T&I) degree granting institutions with standards delineated in Section 2, Standards for Trade and Industrial Education Teacher Education Programs of "Standards of Excellence in T&I Education" published by the U.S. Department of Education in 1985. Mailed questionnaires collected data from…