This study explored the model of feminist frameworks offered by Jagger and Struhl (1978) in the women's sport setting. The framework offers a classification of models of feminism (Liberalism, Marxism, Radicalism, and Socialism) describing the forms of women's oppression and offers a solution for eliminating such oppression. The Jaggen and Struhl's…

In an effort to demonstrate why good qualitative ethnography must be an equal partner in the process of building scientific knowledge, this study examined how the personal meanings assigned to the public concept of retirement affected the social actions of the elderly when they retired. The public and personal interpretations/meanings workers…

Society does not view rape seriously. Few rape crimes are successfully prosecuted. Rape results in permanent alteration of the victim's life. Besides street rape there is no consensus on the definition of rape. This study attempts to gather people's perceptions of rape. Subjects (N=96) were approached randomly and accepted if they fit into desired…

The movement toward preservation of historical sites and objects has shifted from professional preservationists to a diverse population of individuals. Allegiance to the past has given way to recreating the past. Historical discovery occurs, for example, through visits to restructured historic sites where activities illustrate notions of how life…

This speech discusses the failure to educate America's athletes. The speech covered the extent of the national scandal of the exploitation of athletes as well as the work of Northeastern University's Center for the Study of Sport in Society. The Center is the first university-based program to address the issue of the education of athletes with…

This paper offers reflections from the author's experience with community placement for developmentally disabled persons, specifically addressing practical and philosophical issues. Drawn from the author's personal involvement with the Macomb-Oakland Regional Center (MORE) in Michigan, this document notes nine illustrations of progress from…

In depth interviews were conducted with a reputational sample of 40 New Jersey white women known as highly involved activists in the civil rights movement for this study. It aimed: (1) to develop theory on the relationship between white women's active participation in a minority movement and their roles as women; (2) to note the relationship…

This paper focuses on two issues related to changing attitudes toward the female sex role among college students. First longitudinal analyses are presented in an attempt to document the fact that sex role attitude change has occurred during the past decade of student activism. A five-item scale of attitudes toward the female role used in 1961 by…

Discusses the decline of sympathy and civility and the rise of self-absorption and meanness in U.S. culture, noting that even sports tutor incivility. The paper examines lowered expectations and the cult of authenticity in sport, and it investigates religion as a counterforce to help restructure sport and restore some sense of balance between…

Scholars of Israeli children's literature have recently noticed an interesting socio-literary phenomenon: the emergence of an entirely new branch in Israeli children's literature, namely ultra-orthodox children's literature. The books belonging to this special category are easily distinguished from "regular" Israeli children's books by…

Researcher Patricia Seed has noted the difficulty undergraduates have in understanding concepts of other cultures. Differences in vocabulary sometimes underscore differences in culture. Seed has suggested that cross- or multi-cultural education cannot proceed from a position of ignorance or arrogance. It is possible to move from cultural…

Before the insights of feminist criticism altered the way many writers are examined, Jane Austen and George Eliot were usually considered to be upholders of the status quo. The explosion in criticism in the last two decades, however, has reshaped and reinterpreted the canon, and has changed the way one academic teaches these two novelists. Using…

Gender schematicity may be distinct from the quality of being sextyped or of endorsing societal values. Gender schematicity refers to the contents of a map or blueprint of what societal expectations regarding sex roles include. Bem explains that individuals who are gender schematic will spontaneously evaluate information using gender as a…

It was hypothesized that fundamental belief systems contribute to the development of political attitudes and opinions above and beyond adherence to so-called "liberalism" or "conservatism." A 20-item instrument was developed and administered to 63 college males and females to assess their underlying fundamental assumptions,…

A lack of clear national goals, increased bureaucracy, the infiltration of unions into the colleges, and the increasing emphasis on personal rather than organizational priorities have contributed to a growing national malaise. Our expectations are conditioned, to a large extent, by these factors and other external influences, including parents,…