Executive orders concerning nondiscrimination in employment have been issued by past administrations from Roosevelt to Kennedy. It was President Johnson who first used the term "affirmative action" in advocating employment regardless of race, creed, color, or national origin and who instituted requirements for organizations to develop affirmative…

An evaluation study was conducted to determine the effects of a two day Equal Opportunity Workshop held at the Aerospace Corporation in 1980. Information gathered before and after the workshop regarding participants' attitudes in three areas: (1) human relations; (2) status quo vs. changes in the company affirmative action practice; and (3) sexism…

Qualified recreation professionals are abundant, particularly for administrative positions. However, many trained professionals have White, middle-class backgrounds which sometimes limit their understanding of the needs of low-income and minority neighborhoods. Blacks, women, and minorities can improve this situation if they can overcome economic…

The scarcity of women in engineering prompted the design of this program which moves eligible women into engineering with 12 months of intensive course work. Qualifications for entry included a college degree with emphasis in math or science, underemployed or employed in non-degree related work. Evaluation activities included program monitoring,…

A graduate of Cornell university's class of 1970 reflects on his experiences as a black undergraduate at Cornell from 1966 to 1970, what affirmative action meant to him and his generation of college students, and the self-education black students experienced at Cornell at that time. William Bowen and Derek Bok recently published "The Shape of…

The Reagan Administration believes in equal employment opportunity, which requires that every individual receive an equal opportunity for employment on strength of individual merit. Any compromise, such as racially preferential hirings, promotions, or terminations, whether from benign or pernicious motives, cannot be fairly described as…

The heritage of physical education and its possible directions for the future are explored. The changing interrelationship of athletics and physical education are presented in relation to their place among academic disciplines in the higher education curriculum. (JN)

Draws attention to some of the unexamined assumptions on which W. Bowen and D. Bok base their analysis and considers some of the unintended, and often undesired, consequences of racial preferences in college admissions. (SLD)

This study analyzed 13 national datasets and evaluated their utility for addressing policy questions concerning college faculty availability (such as minority hiring, affirmative action, supply and demand in specific disciplines) and the overproduction of Ph.D.s. Each dataset was evaluated for its utility in modeling faculty availability. Also…

These opening day remarks by the Fashion Institute of Technology's (FIT's) retiring president focus on the Institute's educational history, mission, and future. First, the paper discusses FIT's finances which are undergoing a period of retrenchment due to a $700,000 cut in state aid, and an anticipated $500,000 reduction in city funds. The next…

This essay contends that the goals of the Civil Rights movement, desegregation and integration of schools and public facilities, were misplaced, and that what blacks needed then, and need today, was equalization of resources and facilities, and equal representation on boards of education. Continued efforts at reliance of those outside the black…

This study investigated the inclusion of minorities in Basic Course Programs, undergraduate degree programs, and graduate degree programs in the field of Communication. A survey was completed by representatives from 27 institutions in 16 states, including private and public institutions, rural and urban, commuter and residential. Specifically, the…

Assessments of institutional effectiveness in affirmative action tend to take either a simple, bottom-line approach (tracking number and percentage of female/minority faculty) or a sophisticated multiple regression-based approach (evaluating rank or salary equity). Either approach may obscure or overlook positive changes occurring within…

This presentation reviews and discusses literature on the following problems affecting blacks in America today: (1) housing; (2) education; (3) economics; (4) civil rights; (5) drugs; and (6) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). An attempt is made to focus on race relations as a major factor in the majority of the problems discussed. In…

Managers' claims that reducing employment discrimination will lead to higher costs and decreased personnel efficiency in organizations are not supported by theory or empirical evidence. Economic theories, in fact, indicate that discrimination does not have a rational economic basis and that reducing discrimination should lead to increased, rather…