A study of 11 boys, aged 12 to 14 with low reading ability, was conducted to discover what kinds of errors they made and whether or not differences might exist between error patterns in silent and oral reading. Miscue analysis was used to test oral reading while cloze procedures were used to test silent reading. Errors were categorized according…

This literature review considers some of the work done on oral reading as a diagnostic tool and as it relates to teacher training and attitudes toward reading. It mentions some of the ways oral reading has been used in assessment, discusses Kenneth Goodman's model of reading, considers some of the criticisms and supports of the model, and points…

This paper constructs a taxonomy for non-oral reading based on Kenneth and Yetta Goodman's reading research. Cloze type deletions reveal how proficient readers and low ability readers from 6 to 14 years of age use graphophonic, syntactic, and semantic cues. It compares performance of Australian children on oral reading and outline strategies with…

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the development of the cloze procedure, to introduce the most recent work done, and to project the implications for further research in the cloze procedure. The cloze procedure was derived from the Gestalt theory of closure whereby a subject has a tendency to fill in the gaps of an uncompleted visual or…

Subjects within one reading level only were included in this study to determine reflective and impulsive subject groups on the basis of Matching Familiar Figures (MFF) test time and error scores within that reading level rather than over all levels, to use the same reading test passages for all subjects, and then to apply statistical tests of…

In order to explore the relationship between word recognition and comprehension, the oral reading behavior of two types of disabled readers--readers with poor comprehension but adequate word-recognition abilities (LoC-HiWR) and readers with good comprehension and poor word-recognition abilities (HiC-LoWR)--was compared. Subjects read orally two…

Discussed is an oral reading procedure for children with reading problems which assesses a reader's competency through an analysis of comprehension evidenced by meaningful versus non-meaningful alterations to the reading text. It is explained that this analysis indicates that the poor reader's needs frequently may be at the syntactic and semantic…

Curriculum-based assessment (CBA) and curriculum-based measurement (CBM) procedures are increasingly being utilized to assess student academic skills for educational decision-making, including screening, progress monitoring, entitlement and intervention planning. At the same time, school districts are increasingly compelled to administer local and…

Suggesting that the continuing rise in illiteracy is due to the decrease of simple forms of communication including conversation, stories, songs, and rhymes, this study investigated the possibility of reestablishing the connection between literacy and orality through education, especially with English-as-a-second-language (ESL) students and with…

A study analyzed responses of 20 children with and without language impairment to two narrative genres, oral narratives and emergent readings, elicited in the children's homes. Subjects were 2-to 4-year-old preschool children from the metropolitan area of a mid-sized midwestern city: 10 children with specific language impairment (SLI) and 10 with…

A two-part study investigated the prevalence of unrehearsed oral reading and compared reading fluency for rehearsed and unrehearsed reading passages. In the first part of the study, a total of 21 teachers were interviewed and 24 classrooms were observed. Results indicated that by far the most prevalent practice in basal reading programs is the…

Errors in oral reading tests result from inaccuracies that tend to creep in because children are not totally consistent while taking a test and from inaccuracies caused when the examiner does not catch a word recognition error, giving credit for an answer that is more wrong than right or vice versa. Every test contains a standard error of…

Adolescent Portuguese-English bilingual students participated in a study that examined the relationship between reading rate and reading comprehension. The 31 subjects were placed in one of three groups: (1) normal readers, reading at grade level as indicated by IQ test scores; (2) slow readers, reading at least two years below expected grade…

Based on similar psycholinguistic principles to those on which Reading Miscue Analysis is based, the Qualitative Analysis of Silent and Oral Reading (QASOR) is a proposed framework for the investigation of individual variations in oral and silent reading behaviors. QASOR provides a framework for examining how well readers construct and reconstruct…

This study reveals: (1) the extent to which Protestant, Jewish, and Catholic religious services include oral reading of Scripture (verbatim) by the clergy and lay lectors; (2) how effectively oral reading of Scripture is performed in religious services; and (3) the apparent need for professional training of clergy and lay lectors in oral reading…