Research suggests that males tend to have a more positive attitude toward computers than do females; that males outnumber females in computer camps; and that males have greater access to, and report more frequent use of, computers at home than do females. It has been suggested that these findings may be based on sex role differences and not on…

Most of the observational study of marriage has focused on relatively young and highly educated couples from professional backgrounds. Very little is known about the generality of this observational research to couples whose marital philosophies have been influenced by a different array of socioeconomic conditions and secular trends. Satisfied and…

Richards, Gaver, and Golicz (1984) found that, in contrast to peers whose grades were accurately predicted from performance on aptitude tests, both extremely underachieving and extremely overachieving fourth-graders had negative academic attitudes. The present study aimed to replicate and extend these findings. Subjects in the replication study…

Aided by her advisor, a communication apprehensive college senior majoring in speech communication at a small rural college developed a project designed to help herself and other apprehensives through cognitive modification. Six students enrolled in a speech communication course who were classified as communication apprehensive by the Personal…

Poor health has been implicated as a suppressor of the life satisfaction of older adults. To clarify the contribution of arthritis to this process, functional disability, negative affect, pain, current severity of the disease, self-esteem, perception of general health, and internal health locus of control, were placed within a causal model as…

This study of teacher characteristics investigated: (1) whether students construct a stereotype from the term "teacher" (a nonmodified concept); (2) the differences between this and a stereotype for "good teacher" (a modified concept); and (3) stereotype characteristics in the students' vocabulary. Three hundred high school…

Decision-making in dual-career families is a salient issue due to the lack of societal norms for this type of family unit. A process-oriented model of joint decision making served as the basis for questionnaires and interviews used to study the predictive value of communication style on the outcomes of the decision making process in dual-career…

The willingness of interactants to disclose information about themselves in relationships from which they wish to disengage was compared with their willingness to self-disclose in relationships they wish to maintain. The subjects, 102 college students, were randomly assigned to one of four hypothetical scenarios: one in which the respondent wished…

This paper examines the negative messages that Appalachian students receive about pursuing a college education. Appalachian culture has traditionally valued loyalty to family and community, hard work, self-reliance, strong sense of religion, and resistance to change. While most of these values seem positive, they may be a factor in perpetuating…

The emotional fallout from rapid, dramatic job market changes can severely and adversely affect the job search and job change process. It can cause inappropriate, precipitous emotional reactions that can block a job seeker's effectiveness at different times and stages of each job search. This paper demonstrates how individuals can find their way…

Systematic research on attitudes of nursing home staff toward the sexual expression of older residents is sparse and of recent origin. In order to determine the relationship between the degree of religiosity (religious commitment) of nursing home aides and their degree of tolerance concerning sexuality and aging, female nursing assistants (N=101)…

Despite the pervasiveness of computers and daily advances in computer technology, comparatively little is known about the psychological reactions and attitudes that individuals have toward computers. To investigate sex differences in attitudes, beliefs, feelings, thoughts, behaviors, and behavioral intentions toward computers, 157 male and 305…

This document describes an innovative pilot project of peer counselors, implemented within the structure of an educational support service. A peer counseling project created by the Athletes Educational Planning Program of the University of Toledo (Ohio) Counseling Center is presented, in which student-athletes help other student-athletes to adjust…

Future developments in communication technology promise to have both positive and negative effects on information sources, messages, the media, and audiences. An increased tendency toward monopolistic control, for example, might accompany improvement in information management. A significant problem already in evidence among information…

In this paper, a college professor applies existential philosophic thought to his "everyday teaching practice." He points out the stifling effects of working within a bureaucratic school organization. He presents personal experiences in dealing with the problems encountered daily in the classroom. The professor believes it is possible to, in the…