American stereographs of the late 19th and early 20th centuries are discussed in the context of the Victorian stylized stereotype of women which they so graphically capture. Stereograph cards and early motion pictures from the Library of Congress were the major sources studied. Stereograph cards were as ubiquitous in their time as television is…

In this paper changes in labor force participation for women in North Carolina are examined and projected into the future. The projections demonstrate that the number of employed females, especially mothers, will be much greater in the future than at present. Thus, the issues related to female labor force participation will be even more salient in…

Efforts to explain the harassment of women in the work place have focused on sex role socialization and cultural norms conditioning men to be dominant and initiators of sexual interactions. New work relationships, however, may bring new value to intimacy which may be differentiated from dominance gestures. To test the relationship of intimacy and…

Since the number of women in public school administration has continued to decline nationwide, the authors sought to assess the effectiveness of four current models of women administration advocacy efforts. Loosely coupled under Project AWARE (Assisting Women to Advance through Research and Encouragement), the four models are sponsored and…

This analysis examines when and how the state facilitated or repressed the emergence and success of the Women's Liberation Movement for the period between 1900 to 1975. The Feminist Movement has placed women's issues on the agenda, but that does not mean that they have been successful. Examples of the kinds of efforts the state is currently…

A case study of one formal women's network was designed as an initial stage in examining the effectiveness and usefulness of overt, free-standing networks being established by career-oriented women. In all, 158 women contributed data concerning their current careers, interests and objectives in participating in the formal network, their networking…

The firm stance of the General Federation of Women's Clubs (GFWC) on the problems of working class women in 1906 was not an impulsive act of altruism, but rather the result of a finely planned campaign that combined the ingenuity and resourcefulness of two women: the GFWC's president, Sarah Platt Decker, and the women's editor of the New York…

The newly-emerging phenomenon of dual-career marriages was investigated using four major life roles--Professional, Spouse, Parent, and Self as Self-Actualized Person. Six scales were constructed to measure potential conflict in areas represented by specific pairs of these roles (e.g., the area of Professional versus Parent). One major purpose of…

This paper examines role conflict and role overload of physicians. A comparison of women physicians, women neighbor controls, and men physicians is made in an attempt to prove that role conflict and overload are distinct problems of the women physicians. A 207-item questionnaire concerned with demography, education, work patterns, household…

Although all women medical students have demonstrated occupational role innovation by their career choice, their selection of the field in which they will specialize during their medical careers (secondary career choice) may or may not represent additional innovation. Women enrolled in two medical schools in 1975-76 who stated that they had made a…

This study reports on career change and mobility for women and minorities in school administration. Descriptive data were collected between 1974 and 1979 in southern California school districts, using an ethnographic method. Interview data were collected from 350 school administrators. The first section describes women in school administration,…

Statistics reveal that only 11% of the 1,500 theatre administrators on United States college campuses are women. On the other hand, recent surveys have indicated that few women are actively seeking administrative positions. The situation is unfortunate since campus theatres and institutions of higher education need highly qualified, capable…

This paper views the interrelatedness of political, economic, and family systems as they are being affected by the growing awareness of sex discrimination. The reduction in sex inequalities throughout the world, regardless of political or economic orientation, will necessitate a new perception of the woman's role in the family unit. The hypothesis…

Minnesota and national employment statistics show that there is a significant imbalance between men and women in administrative positions. Causes of this condition are attributed to stereotyped role definitions learned by males and females very early in life, leading to lower job aspirations and the acquiring of minimal professional or vocational…

The Bell system is the largest nongovernmental employer of people in the country, and over 50 percent of the people employed by its systems are women. This paper deals with the new personnel policies concerning women within the Bell system; in particular, it describes the AT & T Management Assessment Program (MAP), the vehicle used to identify…