In this study, it is aimed to investigate the impact of different missing data handling methods on the detection of Differential Item Functioning methods (Mantel Haenszel and Standardization methods based on Classical Test Theory and Likelihood Ratio Test method based on Item Response Theory). In this regard, on the data acquired from 1046…

Knowledge tracing (KT), the task of tracking the knowledge state of each student over time, has been assessed actively by artificial intelligence researchers. Recent reports have described that Deep-IRT, which combines Item Response Theory (IRT) with a deep learning model, provides superior performance. It can express the abilities of each student…

We propose an adaptation of the Glicko-2 rating system in a K-12 math learning software setting, where variable time intervals between solution attempts and the stratification of student-item pairings by grade levels necessitate modification of the original model. The discrete-time stochastic process underlying the original system has been…

Self-directed learning (SDL) is widely associated with adult learning but is occasionally misunderstood. As a result, the term self-regulated learning (SRL) has been used interchangeably with SDL in literature. Based on a content analysis, this paper explores the difference between techniques of SDL and SRL and provides a basic interpretation of…

Although the effects of Lesson study (LS), a teacher collaborative professional development approach, on teacher professional learning and students learning have been widely documented, the theories for understanding of LS has just emerged as a research field. Interconnected Model of Teacher Professional Growth (IMPG) and Documentational Approach…

Gaming the system, a behavior in which learners exploit a system's properties to make progress while avoiding learning, has frequently been shown to be associated with lower learning. However, when we applied a previously validated gaming detector across conditions in experiments with an algebra tutor, the detected gaming was not associated with…

In this study, the authors investigate the ways in which young students demonstrate their critical mathematical thinking (CMT). Students aged 5-6 who are beginning their first formal year of education participated in the study. Data is presented from individual clinical interviews undertaken with 16 students. These interviews were analysed using…

In this theoretical paper, we respond to a call for all Mathematics Education researchers to become equity researchers (Aguirre et al., 2017) by articulating how equity is foundational to making second-order models of students' mathematics. First, based on prior research, we view equity to be about power and respect. We define an act of equity as…

This paper investigates the collaborative opportunities between formal and non-formal education providers to enhance learning, development, and peacebuilding. It emphasizes the complementary nature of formal education, known for its structured curriculum, and non-formal education, which prioritizes experiential learning. By identifying common…

This paper provides the first mixed methods theory of causation. According to the theory, the researcher must carefully construct a causal mosaic for each research study, articulating what is causally relevant given his/her research questions, purposes, method(s), methodology(ies), paradigms(s), and resources. To engage in this "mixed…

The purpose of this keynote address is to discuss how curriculum theory can make a specific contribution to research on transnational education policy; in particular, curriculum theory has implications for national policy due to the interest in exploring educational phenomena at different levels of the school system. From a Swedish perspective on…

Amid widespread efforts to decolonize and Indigenize curriculum, we must reposition ourselves with the living earth. Employing a spiritual exchange process, this paper inquires how we might transform education to restore and renew kinship relations through the enactment of presencing. By forming an ethical space of engagement for dialogue across…

There is an ongoing debate about the omission of specific learners in modern learning theories. Most learning theories are derived from theoretical works by the dominant culture. This paper argues that despite the criticisms and shortcomings of Knowles' andragogical theory, the instructor can alter the framework as needed to meet the varying needs…

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the processes and practices of mysticism found within the monotheistic traditions, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, in an attempt to identify areas where these might inform, elaborate, and deepen our understanding of profound and transformative learning theory and practice. [For the complete volume,…

This paper is a sequel to the author's 2018 BCES presentation in which the rationale was explained for developing a 'new' theory for analytically and critically examining problems in (comparative) education. An outline is given of the steps subsequently taken to develop the theory in more detail. It also sketches practical / pragmatic and…