The purpose of this study was to examine the short-term effects of a two-way bilingual education program on the literacy development of students in kindergarten and first grade. Two groups of children were compared in terms of their academic achievement in English language arts. The groups included students with limited English proficiency (LEP)…

The author reviews the literature on code switching (use of two languages within a turn of speaking) as part of the conversational speech in normal and retarded individuals, presents data on language interaction in the speech of seven developmentally disabled persons, and discusses the implications of these comparisons for program planning with…

The author reviews the key problems associated with generally accepted practices for identifying the gifted from the perspective of minority gifted students, particularly the gifted bilingual child; and presents some alternative approaches for testing. Noted among the shortcomings of testing minority students are that standardized tests are not…

This study used cued dichotic listening to investigate differences in language lateralization among right-handed (control), left handed, bilingual, and learning disabled children. Subjects (N=60) ranging in age from 7-13 years were administered a consonant-vowel-consonant dichotic paradigm with three experimental conditions (free recall, directed…

The purpose of this study is twofold. First, it evaluates the effectiveness of token economy programs in increasing academic performance in a bilingual education classroom setting. Second, it attempts to train the teacher in the basic behavior modification principles and assist her/him in the delivery of appropriate and consistent reinforcement…

"Subtractive" bilingualism in Northern Belize is analyzed based on an extension of a model by Wallace Lambert. The impact of English language instruction on Spanish speaking children in Corozal Town, the northernmost urban center in the British colony of Belize, Central America, is described. This description extends an earlier account…

This paper provides a very brief overview of an after-school day care center in New York City which cares for a maximum of 65 immigrant children 6 through 12 years of age. The population served consists of families from Hong Kong, China, Latin America, India, Pakistan, Puerto Rico, Korea and Nigeria. As most families served know little English,…

In this research, using the "Frog, Where Are You?" picture book, 40 bilingual children age 6-12 years were asked to narrate the story in two languages, English and Japanese. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed in order to study the relationship between the use of the two languages. The results generally suggest that…

As society becomes increasingly diverse, the issue about language used for assessments becomes critical. Research suggests that completing measures in a language other than one's native language may result in inaccurate scores. The Children's Hope Scale (Snyder et al., 1997), a scale assessing dispositional hope in children ages 8 to 16, was…

This study assessed differences in attitudes toward bilingualism within and between two groups of monolingual and bilingual adolescents in two neighboring regions, Slovene Istra and the coastal area of Italy. Participants were 227 monolingual and bilingual secondary school students who provided demographic information and completed a scale that…

The current movement toward observing both the process of reading in other languages and the areas of language interference is an important element in the education task. In a study which examined and described the observable process of oral reading by six bilingual children whose first and dominant language was Yiddish, the Reading Miscue…

Reported is a study to examine the effects of bilingualism on the ability to formulate scientific hypotheses or solutions to science problems by examining results of the same treatment motivating hypothesis formation given by the same teacher to classes of sixth-grade students ranging from monolingual English-speaking children to proficient…

This study examined the achievement patterns of former English Language Learners (ELLs) and explored whether time-related variables (length of program participation, grade level exited, and length of participation in the mainstream classroom) play a significant role in predicting academic achievement patterns for these exited students. The study…

The purpose of this study is to investigate elementary students' explanations of how physical features of the land influence the location of humanly defined structures including trade routes, such as the silk routes. The silk routes were a series of caravan trade routes that extended from Turkey to China and were located as far south as India and…

The work involved in preparing writing skill specifications that could be used to determine bilingual students' entry into and exit from bilingual programs is described in this paper. The first section of the paper details the steps involved in identifying the critical writing skills required in grades one through six, while the second section…