A study was conducted to show that economic and societal differences between the former Eastern and Western parts of Germany had produced differences in the timing of young people's school-to-work transitions. Data were collected from samples of approximately 350 participants from the West and 380 participants from the East conducted in 1991 and…

Cognitive science research indicates that learning through apprenticeship may be more effective than traditional schooling. The following critical mistakes in traditional schooling are outlined: (1) skills are taught in progressively more difficult steps, neglecting to engage higher-order thinking abilities; (2) a skill is broken down into…

A model for testing educational satisfaction was developed, and a satisfaction survey was administered to 424 alumni of several architectural schools in the Midwest. Attention is directed to both a simple overall measure of satisfaction and a complex, additive measure. The first measure assumes that individuals perceive satisfaction and…

The purpose of this study was to examine the activities and discourse between scientists and high school student apprentices (from Santa Barbara, California) in research laboratories and how these supported and/or constrained student learning of science. The study covered 3 consecutive years of a summer science program and included 32 high school…

This paper is concerned with the human capital theory of education as it is employed in designing, justifying, and funding African educational programs. According to this theory, where the most measurable and direct relationships between the world of work and that of school are purported to exist, those individuals who invest in education are…

In studying the history of the American press, little attention has been given to printing networks and the apprenticeship system, factors which permitted the press not only to survive but to grow. Essential to press growth was the apprenticeship system, vocational education which replenished and augmented the craft's practitioners. Apprentices…

Each of the eight shipyards operated by the U.S. Navy administers a formal 4-year apprentice trades training program. The apprentice programs combine daily on-the-job training with classroom instruction in technical subjects related to work requirements, including shop math, chemistry, physics, and mechanical drafting. The programs are designed to…

This study examined the career decisions of 54 high school students who participated in the Research Apprenticeship Program (RAP) at Ohio State University during 1990-92. RAP is a precollege program which aims to provide meaningful experiences in various aspects of health-related research for minority high school students and teachers. RAP…

Field experiences and clinical practice are considered the most important and most influential component of teacher preparation programs. The National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education Programs (NCATE) has established six standards to measure the effectiveness of teacher education programs; field experiences and clinical practice…

This paper focuses on changes necessary for apprenticeship to meet society's current needs in terms of: providing an educational environment, meeting the needs of the European economies, and matching the aspirations of young people. Section 1 provides a narrative account of an apprentice working as a coach finisher in the Great Western Railway…

Vocational education in Switzerland takes place mainly in three kinds of institutions. Apprentices receive training in small laboratories or workshops from a master, in larger companies from a special trainer, or in state or private workshops. Besides this job-oriented education, apprentices attend courses in vocational schools. Research in…

To assess the extent to which the results of implementation studies relating to elementary and secondary schools were generalizable to vocational education contexts, a study of two specific curriculum innovations in vocational education was undertaken in Western Australia. It was designed to yield information about the context of curriculum…

This conference paper advocates that experiential learning provides learners with a deeper sense of knowing and self-confidence in taking risks to be change agents in their chosen fields. Five components of experiential learning are described: (1) there is an emphasis on learning-by-doing; (2) there is an emphasis on learning by listening; (3)…

The experiences of stakeholders in Wisconsin's youth apprenticeship programs are used to provide insights for other policy-makers and educators contemplating or currently implementing youth apprenticeship programs. In-depth interviews, focus group interviews, and surveys with more than 100 students, parents, employers, and instructors were used to…

The conference report summarizes the state of the art of apprenticeship, as determined by a decade of systematic research, and offers recommendations for changes in policy and in practice. Eighteen papers, all dealing with fundamental problems in apprenticeship and skill training in the United States, were presented at the conference by…