The prediction that differences in incomes of high school and college graduates will not change is tested by applying standard statistical procedures to data describing actual income differences. Data from the United States Bureau of the Census describe annual incomes of men twenty-five years old and older during 1956-75. Report 1 displays results…

Policy options for increasing the earnings of the young welfare recipients were explored by analyzing the incomes of nearly 12,000 young women in Baltimore, Maryland, whose 19th birthday fell between April 1, 1985, and March 31, 1989, and who had at least one spell of welfare dependency between their 19th and 29th birthdays. An analysis of the…

The enactment of a compensation model that rewards educators' efficiency and creativity is a goal for the current decade. Both inflationary trends and the accountability movement act as motivators for the introduction of a merit pay scale. Current compensation models guarantee income regardless of effort. Through this failure to reward…

This assessment of the outcomes of increased access to postsecondary education for hearing-impaired students focuses on attrition levels and earnings levels. To analyze attrition from postsecondary programs serving the deaf, information from 95 programs was gathered. Using an algorithm to estimate cohort survival rates and taking into account…

It is possible to tie teacher compensation to professional growth, without reference to standardized test scores. Tying pay to students' achievement scores does not account for the different levels of students, and teacher testing does not separate good teachers from bad. In Rutland Northeast, Vermont, each school has its own locally elected…

The earnings gap between male and female workers across all occupational groups has been well documented; full-time women workers earn, on average, approximately 65 percent of men's salaries. Although male/female salary disparity is largest across occupational groups, salary disparity within occupational groups still prevails. For example, the…

The speaker begins his presentation by reviewing the literature on merit programs, both for teachers and for administrators, and summarizing the pros and cons of such programs. He then discusses the development of the merit pay program operating in his district. The initial and most important step in planning that program was developing a…

Since occupational stability factors are integral to career decision-making processes for students, a study was made to seek information pertaining to occupational stability factors for technicians. Two assumptions made in the study were that inadequate counseling, due to insufficient knowledge about technical education, and an unrealistic…

A study was conducted to determine the effect of participation in vocational education on labor market experience immediately after high school. Data were gathered in March and April of 1980 while the young people were seniors in high school, and again two years later. The first wave of data contained various measures of education and grades in…

A hypothetical organization chart was adopted to examine the relative worth of five positions and pay differentials as a function of rater's sex, money ethic endorsement (belief that money is good), and job incumbent's sex. The study explored the "Matthew Effect," the tendency of people to be willing to pay more for the highest position…

Equity theory proposes that outcome distributions are perceived as fair when the ratio of one's own outcomes (e.g., pay) to inputs (e.g., work) is equivalent to that of a comparison other. Research on reward allocations and reward satisfaction, however, suggests that females' behavior frequently does not conform to equity theory predictions. Given…

A study examined the impact of sex composition of occupation on women's earnings and the structure of wage determination in "masculine" and "feminine" occupations. Data--a national sample of women--came from the Project Talent Data Bank. Results indicated that, overall, women in "masculine" occupations earned approximately 42% more annually than…

This study uses hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to analyze the effect of human capital, structural characteristics of the discipline, and disciplinary labor market conditions on faculty salaries. Faculty in disciplines characterized by relatively low demand, high teaching loads, and low amounts of research funding earn less than do faculty in…

An analysis of the total compensation of presidents and the five highest-paid employees at 190 private colleges and universities in 1993 looked at the additional variables of institutional expenditure level, institution type, reputation, and student Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) scores. Results indicated that institutional expenditures,…

Overtime pay was used to encourage staff personnel of a state institution to carry out an intensive around-the-clock program to reduce the self injurious behaviors of a severely retarded and deaf adult. Contingent use of restraints, in conjunction with an intensive program of differential reinforcement of other behavior and differential…