This study explores the relationship between attitudes of public school superintendents and the amount of direct experience they have had dealing with the development of private academies in their respective school districts. The dependent variables consist of eight attitudinal items. The first four deal with potential reasons for the return of…

Tuition tax credits and their possible future effects from the point of view of a supporter are discussed in this paper. The discussion includes a look at the positive effects of homogeneity in schools, maintaining that achievement is higher in private schools, where students and parents share common attitudes toward discipline and education. Also…

This paper presents an historical study of the creation of the first publicly funded "colored school" in Marysville, California, in 1857, focusing on the community's efforts to open the school. The colored school was part of a dynamic Black community full of economic and social vitality, yet was in a time period in which Blacks still…

The primary purpose of this study was to determine if there are differences in level of student aspirations between students in segregated and those in integrated schools. There are other highly related and interacting variables that may influence levels of aspirations; namely, student performance, significant others, and significant others'…

The political behavior and orientations of 1027 fifth-grade students in 18 inner-city, racially segregated, low socioeconomic status elementary schools were examined in two Michigan cities in 1970. The political effects of racial composition were different for each race. As elementary schools became increasingly black, average student political…

Segregation has been part of the cultural design of American society from the pre-industrial rural period to the present, post-industrial urban period. This paper, however, is concerned with learning within contemporary school settings. Ethnic segregation is one major type of group separation within American schools and within the society.…

This study is an exploratory research effort dealing specifically with the relationship between six independent variables (number of private schools, city or county school district, metropolitan or nonmetropolitan location of schools, private school affiliation, private school types, existence of social elite enrolled in private schools) and a…

Opponents of school choice argue that economically advantaged families will get the best schools, and socioeconomic and racial segregation will only increase. If choice allows better matching of child to school, then parent information levels can critically affect the outcome. Very few data are available that directly confirm the presence or…

The purposes of this study are to document the success of the Achievement Goals Program (AGP) in raising student achievement in San Diego Unified School District's minority-isolated schools and to provide recommendations for curriculum development and teacher training based on that success. Reports on the results of the Comprehensive Tests of…

This study seeks an answer to one broad question, "Do black children who attend racially desegregated schools, have educational aspirations and expectations which are significantly different (either higher or lower) from black children who attend racially segregated schools?" To facilitate this, the study not only examines the…

This study is designed to compare the school normative climate of white and black urban elementary schools relatively matched on socioeconomic status (SES) and achievement. With this design the researcher sought to: (1) find if there are differences in normative climate between white and black schools; and (2) generate further tentative insight…

A historical and qualitative analysis of a northern urban de facto segregated school is presented that explains the unique factors of the school's history that led to the maintenance of the school today. The focus is on the school's context, its historical and present-day leadership, and its past and present teachers. In considering the school's…

Education will become the functioning instrument of a stable democracy by being in all its stages and dimensions an example of the democratic process. Within this framework, the desegregation of our schools can proceed; and with the desegregation of our schools, we can achieve that more difficult stage--the true integration of our schools. The…

This study examines the degree to which New York City's immigrant students are segregated and how segregation varies across groups with differing language skills and from different countries. It notes how schools attended by immigrant students differed by student characteristics, teachers, and funding levels. After reviewing the literature on…

This paper describes the results of research examining the racial and socioeconomic segregation of public schools in two very different cities, Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) and Houston (Texas). Factors that explain the degree of racial and economic segregation and the consequences of this segregation for student academic achievement were examined.…