Describing and measuring instructional quality of mathematics lessons is a common goal amongst mathematics education researchers. Such work takes several forms such as classifying and coding instructional moves and student activity or providing high-level rubric-based scores in relation to categories. In this work, we share an innovative mixed…

We offer this synthesized framework as a tool to reveal mathematical activity in a non-formal makerspace. In particular, we connect research at different grain sizes to illustrate and explain how mathematics plays a crucial, if often implicit, role in this activity. We begin with describing the Approximate Number System and the Ratio-Processing…

The purpose of this study is to use the matrix laser teaching aids to teach in the moon observation unit to explore the effectiveness of science learning of elementary school students. The subjects of the study were 367 fourth-grade students in an elementary school in New Taipei City, including 154 students in the experimental group and 213…

This paper will demonstrate how we used state-level longitudinal data to model reading growth trajectories. Using data from large scale assessments that were vertically linked across grades in Hawaii, we utilized a multilevel regression framework to develop growth models to study students' reading performance trajectories during their elementary…

Speech technology (automated speech recognition -- ASR and text-to-speech) offers great promise in the field of automated literacy and reading tutors for children. Students in third and fourth grades struggle with generating longer strings of text on a QWERTY keyboard because they still "hunt and peck" for AQ1 the letters and symbols…

This paper uses the commognitive framework to analyse how a group of four primary school students classify odd and even numbers. The findings show how students' reasoning is grounded in their personal uses of "odd" and "even". The students attend to different features of "oddness" and "evenness" and agree on…

Eye-tracking studies need adequate theoretical frameworks for producing insights about mathematics learning. The current study uses eye-tracking to investigate the effectiveness of tables and diagrams for supporting covariational reasoning amongst elementary students (n = 60). The theoretical framework emphasizes the cognitive functions of…

Previous studies have uncovered the relationship between handwriting and mathematics performance, without articulating the underlying cognitive mechanism. With 197 Chinese fourth graders as participants, this study explored the mechanism by which the spacing/spatial relationship in handwriting legibility affects number-line estimation through VMI.…

The purpose of this study is to determine the mental models of primary school students about the concept of environment. The research group consisted of 400 students, 219 girls and 181 boys, enrolling to the 3rd and 4th grade in a primary school located in Istanbul. The students were asked to draw the environment and explain the items they draw.…

The purpose of this study is to explore the children's understanding of moon phase changes. Study methods include qualitative and quantitative methods. The subjects of the study are 683 students from grade three to six in an elementary school in New Taipei City. This study uses the method of writing assessment to explore the ideas of elementary…

As a multifaceted concept, the learning of angle concepts takes years to achieve and is beset with challenges. This paper explores how the processes of constructing and validating a learning progression in geometric reasoning can be used to generate targeted teaching advice to support the learning of angle concept. Data from 1090 Year 4 to Year 10…

The current study followed literacy skills development amongst 79 Arabic native speaking pupils from kindergarten to fourth grade. Based on reading comprehension attainments in fourth grade, two groups of skilled and poor readers were identified. Poor readers showed significantly lower performance on measures of phonological and morphological…

In this study, we investigated one student as she engaged in the exploration of a graph theory problem, the Graceful Tree Conjecture. The study took place in a classroom in the Midwestern United States which contained eighteen students. We report on a descriptive case study of one student, Heidi, as she works her way through different classes of…

This study investigates the use of manipulatives by elementary students working on a fraction task. Extending previous work on the role played by the manipulatives in students' activity, we aim at describing how the choices made for the task design disrupt students' activity, creating opportunities to learn. The theoretical underpinnings allow…

The aim of this study is to reveal the perceptions of fourth-grade primary students about "mathematics lesson" through metaphors and to investigate whether main categories identified regarding the common characteristics of the metaphors differed by gender. A qualitative research design was employed in the study. The study was carried out…