This document contains three symposium papers on workplace diversity issues. "Expanding Theories of Career Development: Adding the Voices of African American Women in the White Academy" (Mary V. Alfred) questions the validity of existing career development models for women and minority groups and examines the professional development of…

This document contains four symposium papers on career issues in human resource development (HRD). "Are Careers What They Used To Be: A Factor Analysis of Schein's Career Orientations Inventory" (Gerri Mukri, Sharon Confessore) is a statistical analysis of Schein's Career Orientations Inventory that finds the inventory to be a…

Women wishing to promote themselves into the educational leadership positions for which they are qualified should concentrate their energies in three major directions--planning, presentation, and perseverance. This report recommends steps women can take in finding a satisfying administrative position in education. Accompanying comments include…

Theoretical concepts about situational management decisions are incorporated in an investigation of school administrators in Tennessee to determine (1) whether administrators can be identified who possess specified leadership characteristics and (2) if those leaders consider employee maturity criteria when selecting employees for tasks. The study…

Barriers to administrative advancement for women in academe are discussed. A study of perceived managerial style and leadership skill of women two-year college presidents was designed to fill a gap in research during an era of significant advancement opportunities for women. Leadership in higher education in the United States is gradually…

Research on the effects of nonmaternal care on preschool children and writings of childrearing authorities on this topic in the popular press indicate that: (1) high quality nonmaternal care does not appear to have adverse effects on the young child's maternal attachment, intellectual development, or social-emotional behavior; (2) child-care books…

The paper reported findings from a 2-year (1966-68) panel study of status projection development during late adolescence. The analysis, which focused on black and white girls from rural East Texas, is sequential to previous studies (RC 007 777 and RC 007 842). The paper specifically examined the integration of girls' occupational and educational…

Intergenerational attitudes toward child care were examined among college-age students and their parents through the use of questionnaires, the Beliefs About the Consequences of Maternal Employment Scale (BACMEC), and the Bias in Attitudes toward Women Scale (BIAS). Findings indicated that traditional attitudes were more prevalent in males of both…

Using data extracted from an international study, the 1988 IEA Preprimary Study Phase I, this study examined the number of hours a Nigerian child and an American child each spends with different caregiving adults on a typical day. The focus of the study was on the parents' commitment of time to child care. Results show that out of the 16 hours an…

An interesting approach to the topic of women and literature is to see if the real working roles of women have been reflected in fiction. As delineated in novels, women are seen engaged in: (l) farm labor; (2) jobs that are extensions of their nurturing roles; (3) factory work--especially in the early textile and clothing mills; and (4) housework…

That women hold less than 3 percent of secondary school principalships underscores society's contuinuing use of sexual stereotypes. Among the misguided assumptions hindering women's professional aspirations are beliefs about their lack of interest in promotions and their ineffectiveness as authority models. There is also the behavioral…

In the post-World War II period, women have been employed in jobs that have been degraded, deskilled, and cheapened. Their employment has increasingly been in the service sector. Data supports the argument that women are treated as secondary workers in the labor market and are not paid as equals to men. Along with the degradation of women's jobs…

Social policy influences black wives' employment policies, regardless of occupation. The factors that influence a wife's working come from various social or societal levels--the individual, the family, and the wider society or environment. Individual characteristics supporting the black women's strong attachment to the world of work are her…

This report focuses on current trends of women in the workforce, issues they face with child care, and how the implications of those trends and issues have influenced corporate and governmental response. In 1990, 47% of the working mother population relied on spouses or relatives to provide care for their young children. Between 2 and 5 million…

Relying on estimates of variance explained to assess the practical significance of research findings is now common practice. It is suggested that such estimates can offer an inaccurate picture, often underestimating the practical significance of statistically small effects. As an example, research on employment discrimination indicates that in…